Scrophularia. | LVI. SCROPHULARINES. 331 
or heart-shaped, pointed, and doubly crenate or serrate. Panicle loosely 
pyramidal or oblong, usually sprinkled with minute glandular hairs. 
Lobes of the calyx rounded, with a very narrow, often scarcely perceptible, 
scarious border. Tube of the corolla of a pale greenish purple, twice as 
long as the calyx ; the upper lip more deeply coloured, much longer than 
the lateral lobes. 
In rather moist cultivated and waste grounds, in Europe, Russian Asia, 
and some parts of North America, Extends all over Britain. Fl. all 
summer, 
2. S. aquatica, Linn. (fig. 741). Water Scrophularia.—Very variable 
in size, but is generally taller and rather less branched than S. nodosa, 
which it much resembles in habit and in flowers, The angles of the stem 
project into narrow wings, there are no tubers at its base, and the leaves 
are not so broad, and more obtuse. . Panicle long and narrow. Lobes of the 
calyx surrounded by a scarious border, much more conspicuous than in 
S. nodosa. Corolla of a dull purple. 
In wet places, along ditches and sides of streams, in Europe and Russian 
Asia. Abundant in England, from Berwick southwards. Fl. summer. It 
varies in the shape of the scale or barren stamen under the upper lip of the 
corolla, in station, and in the more or less acute teeth of the leaves, and 
two species have been generally distinguished: S. Hhrharti, Stevens’, is a 
more luxuriant and leafy plant, with the scale reniform, much broader than 
long, and the capsule nearly globular; and S. Balbisii, growing in drier 
situations, the leaves more pointed, the scale often nearly orbicular, and the 
capsule more ovoid and pointed; but these differences in foliage and cap- 
sule do not always correspond with those of the shape of the scale, which 
will often vary in different flowers of the same plant. 
3. S. Scorodonia, Linn (fig.742). Balm-leaved Scrophularia.—Very 
nearly allied to S. aquatica, in all essential characters, and distinguished 
chiefly by its downy, wrinkled leaves, and by the panicle more leafy at its 
base. It is also usually a rather smaller plant, and the angles of the stem 
are never expanded into wings, and sometimes scarcely perceptible. 
A west European species extending southwards to Madeira, and north- 
wards to Jersey, the extreme south-west of England, and Kerry in Ireland. 
fl. summer. 
4, &.vernalis, Jlinn. (fig. 743). Yellow Scrophularia.—A. hairy 
perennial, very different in aspect from the three preceding species, and 
not near so coarse. Stemsseldom 2 feet high; the leaves nearly orbicular, 
cordate at the base, coarsely toothed, and of a light green colour. Pedun- 
cles almost all axilliary, bearing a small cyme of yellow flowers; the 4 
upper lobes of the corolla nearly of equal size, without any scale or barren 
stamen inside; the lowest lobe rather larger. Stamens longer than the 
tube of the corolla. 
On roadsides, and waste or stony places, in the hilly districts of Europe, 
extending from France to the Caucasus. Occasionally found in England, 
but introduced. JV. spring. 
a 
V. MIMULUS. MIMULUS. 
Herbs, with opposite leaves, and yellow, purple, or pink flowers, grow- 
