LVII. LABIATA, 345 
Monardas, and Dracocephalums, and occasionally a few others, in our 
flower-gardens, | 
I. SALVIA. SAGE. 
Herbs, or, in some exotic species, shrubs, with the flowers usually in 
whorls of 6 or more, forming terminal racemes or spikes, the floral leaves 
all or most of them reduced to mere bracts. Calyx 2-lipped, the upper lip. 
entire or with 3 small teeth, the lower one 2-cleft. Corolla with the upper 
lip erect, concave, or arched ; the lower spreading, 3-lobed; the middle lobe 
often notched or divided. Stamens really 2, although easily mistaken for 
4, for the anthers have a long slender connectivum, having the appearance 
of a filament, fastened by the centre to the very short real filaments, and 
bearing at one end a perfect anther-cell under the upper lip of the corolla, 
and at the other end a small cell, almost always empty, and usually much 
‘Geformed. 
A very large genus, widely spread over the temperate and warmer re- 
gions of the globe, although within the tropics the majority of species are 
mountain plants. The structure of the stamens readily distinguishes them 
from all other Labiate. 
Leaves mostly radical. Corolla large, near thrice as long as the 
calyx. ee tice . : , : : : ; : : . 1. S. pratensis. 
Stem leafy. Corolla small, not twice the length of the calyx . 2. S. Verbenaca. 
Many exotic species are cultivated in our gardens, the common or garden 
Sage (8. officinalis) from southern Europe, as a potherb, and several Ame- 
rican ones for the beauty of their flowers. 
1. S. pratensis, Linn. (fig. 775). Meadow Sage.—Stock perennial, 
with a spreading tuft of shortly stalked radical leaves, ovate, heart-shaped, 
or oblong, 2 to 6 inches long, coarsely toothed, and very much wrinkled. 
Stems 1 to 14 feet high, slightly downy, with only a few narrow leaves 
near its base. Flowers in a long and handsome, terminal, simple or 
scarcely branched spike, composed of whorls of about 6 flowers, at regular 
distances. Upper lip of the calyx minutely 3-toothed. Corolla near thrice 
as long, of a rich blue, with a long, arched upper lip. 
_ In dry pastures, roadsides, and waste places, in central and southern 
Europe to the Caucasus, extending northwards into Sweden and to the 
French side of the English Channel. Very rare in England, and confined 
to Oxford, Cornwall, and Kent. 7. summer. 
2. S. Verbenaca, Linn. (fig. 776). Wild Sage.—A coarse, more or 
less hairy, erect perennial, 1 to 14 or rarely 2 feet high, and slightly 
branched. Lower leaves stalked, ovate, coarsely toothed or lobed, and 
much wrinkled ; the upper ones sessile, broader and shorter ; the bract-like 
floral leaves small, heart-shaped, and entire. Flowers small, blue, in whorls 
of about 6, forming terminal hairy spikes; the corolla seldom twice the 
length of the calyx. ; 
In waste places, on roadsides, etc., in northern and central Europe and 
Russian Asia, Scattered over England, Ireland, and southern Scotland as 
far as Edinburgh. Fl. summer. In southern Europe it is replaced by the 
small-flowered S. clandestina, a marked variety or perhaps species, on a 
smaller scale, with narrower, more cut leaves, and smaller flowers, which 
occurs in the Channel Islands. 
