358 THE LABIATE FAMILY. [ Ballota. 
1, B. nigra, Linn. (fig. 806). Black Ballota, Black Horehound.—A 
coarse, erect, hairy, branching perennial, 2 to 3 feet high, softly hairy all 
over, with a strong, disagreeable smell. Leaves stalked, ovate or cordate, 
coarsely toothed. Flowers in dense axillary clusters, often slightly stalked, 
and turned to one side, assuming less the appearance of whorls than in 
Stachys, usually shorter than the floral leaves, and accompanied by a 
number of stiff, linear bracts. Calyx 4 or 5 lines long, green or purplish, 
with 10 prominent ribs, and 5 broadly ovate teeth, each terminating in a 
fine stiff point. Corolla purplish, with an oblong or oval, concave and 
somewhat arched upper lip, scarcely shorter than the 3-lobed, spreading 
lower lip. 2B. ruderalis, Sm. 
On roadsides, under hedges, and in waste places, throughout Europe and 
Russian Asia. In Britain it extends over England, Ireland, and the south 
of Scotland, but usually as an escape from cultivation, Fl. summer and 
autumn. It varies considerably in the precise form of the teeth of the 
calyx, and in the length of their point. [B. alba, Linn. (fetida, Lamk.), 
is a ie form, with spinous spreading or reflexed tips of the calyx- 
teeth. 
XV. LEONURUS. LEONURUS. 
Erect herbs, with leaves more or less lobed, and rather small flowers 
in close axillary whorls, forming long, terminal, leafy spikes. Calyx with 
5 prominent ribs, and 5 equal, spreading, almost prickly teeth. Corolla 
with a rather short tube; the upper lip erect, concave, and entire; the 
oe spreading, and 8-lobed. Stamens 4, in pairs. Nuts flat, angular at 
the top. 
A small genus, containing a few European and Asiatic species, differing 
Bee Stachys chiefly in the shape of the nuts, which is the same as in 
amium, 
1. G. Cardiaca, Linn. (fig. 807). Motherwort Leonurus, Motherwort. 
—A tall, coarse, stiff, slightly hairy or downy perennial, 2 to 4 feet high. 
Leaves stalked, the lower ones broad, deeply and irregularly cut into 5 or 
7 coarsely toothed lobes; the floral leaves narrow, 5-lobed, or nearly entire, 
their stalks as long as the flowers. Flowers 6 to 15 together, in close axil- 
lary whorls, forming a long interrupted, terminal, leafy spike. Calyx-teeth 
almost prickly. Corolla pink or nearly white, like that of a Stachys, with 
a rather short tube, and very hairy upper lip. | 
In waste places, hedges, on roadsides, etc., in Europe and central and 
Russian Asia ; not extending, however, far-to the northward. Indicated in 
several parts of England, Scotland, and Ireland, but with considerable 
doubts as to its being indigenous, 7. end of summer. . 
XVI. LAMIUM. LAMIUM. 
Hairy herbs, either annual or perennial, decumbent at the base; the 
lower leaves always stalked, ovate or orbicular, and toothed ; the flowers in 
close axillary whorls, or the upper ones in a leafy head. Calyx as in 
Stachys. Corolla-tube slender at the base, much enlarged at the throat ; 
the upper lip erect or arched, slightly concave, entire or slightly notched ; 
the lower spreading, with a broad middle lobe; the two lateral ones either 
