Goodyera. | LXXXI. ORCHIDACEE. 44] 
confined to Cumberland and several counties of Scotland, where it is rare 
and local. £1. end of summer. 
XI. ORCHIS. ORCHIS. 
Rootstock producing each year a fleshy tuber by the side of the decay- 
ing one of the preceding year, the following year’s stem shooting from the 
top of the new tuber. Stem leafy at the base, with a terminal spike of 
flowers, usually red or purple. Sepals and petalsnearly equal. Lip turned 
downwards, usually 3- to 5-lobed, or much dilated at the extremity, and 
produced underneath at its base into a spur or pouch. Anther on the face 
of the column, with 2 erect cells converging together at the base, with an 
erect process, each cell containing a pollen-mass, contracted below into a 
short stalk, terminating in a gland. 
A considerable genus, chiefly European and north Asiatic, with a very 
few North American species. The allied genus Habenaria is separated 
by technical characters so difficult for the beginner to appreciate, that the 
species of both genera are included in the following table. 
Spur of the perianth very slender, and longer than the ovary. 
Flowers white, rather large, in a loose ae Two leaves only 
at the base of the stem . 1. H. bifolia. 
Flowers usually red, rather small, in a dense spike. Leaves 
several, narrowed. 
Tubers of the rootstock entire, Spike ovate or pyramidal, 
very dense . 9. O. pyramidalis, 
purer ee or divided. Spike cylindrical, at length rather 
2. H. conopsea. 
Spur ign. naif the length to about the ‘length of the ovar Y : 
Sepals all converging and arching over the column and petals 
in the form of ahelmet. Tubers entire. 
Flowers few, in a loose spike. Lip broadly and shortly 3- 
lobed. : ‘ . 1. O. Morio. 
Flowers numerous, in a dense or long spike. Lip with 2 
lateral, smaller lobes, and a large 2-cleft middle one . 2. O. militaris. 
Sepals, at least the lateral ones, spreading. Petals, either alone 
or with the upper sepal, arching over the column. 
Spike long or loose. Tubers entire. 
Bracts 1-nerved. Upper sepal arching over the petals 
Bracts with several veins. All 3 sepals spreading 
Spike dense. Tubers lobed. 
Bracts shorter than the flowers. Lip irregularly 3-lobed . 
Lower bracts longer than the flowers. baie tocthed or 
. mascula. 
. axiflora. 
. maculata. 
ON GD OOP 
Soo. SO 
scarcely lobed . latifolia. 
Spur exceedingly short, or + educed to a small pouch or cavity. 
Lip linear, 3-lobed, the middle lobe more than an inch long . hircina, 
Lip not above a quarter of an inch long. 
Spike rather loose. Flowers green, rather small, with an 
oblong hanging lip, rather longer than the sepals 5 . 5. A. viridis. 
Spike dense, with numerous small flowers, the lip not longer 
than the sepals. 
Flowers purple before expanding. Lip me 4-lobed ce 
lobed, with a 2-cleft middle lobe) . ‘ 3. O. ustulata. 
Flowers pink or pale purple. Lip 3-lobed . : : . 4, H. intacta. 
Flowers white. Sepals ovate. Lip 3- lobed : 4. H. albida. 
Flowers greenish-yellow. Pepa and peials verynarrow. 
Lip 3-lobed ° : : . HERMINIUM, 
1. O. Morio, Linn. (fig. 995). aired Gras che entire, 
Stems seldom above 6 or 8 inches high, with a few rather narrow, almost 
radical leaves, and 2 or 3 loose, sheathing scales higher up. Flowers 
