Habenaria. | LXXXI. ORCHIDACEE 445 
In heaths and pastures, throughout Europe and Russian Asia, especially 
in the north, extending to the Arctic regions ; in the south of Europe more 
confined to mountain districts. Dispersed all over Britain, and very 
abundant in Scotland and Ireland. #7. all summer, ‘This and the last 
two species are occasionally removed to as many distinct genera on account 
of slight differences in the pollen-masses. 
3. H. intacta, Benth. (fig. 1006). Dense spiked Habenaria.—Tubers 
entire. Leaves broadly oblong or lanceolate, often spotted. Flowers pink, pale 
purple or white, often twisted to one side. Sepals pointed, converging over 
the column and over the narrow petals. Lip 3-lobed, not exceeding the 
sepals, the central lobe entire or notched. Spur very short. Znea cylin- 
dracea, Biv.; Neotinea intacta, Reichb. f. 
In open pastures, chiefly in limestone Hisericees widely distributed over 
the Mediterranean region and western Europe. In Britain only found in 
Mayo and Galway, Ireland. #7. summer. This species has been referred 
by botanists to several genera, and raised by others to the rank of a 
genus of itself. 
4, Hi. albida, Br. (fig. 1007). Small Habenaria.—In stature, and its 
small flowers with very short spurs, this species approaches Orchis ustu- 
lata, but the flowers are white, and the anthers are more like those of 
Habenaria than of Orchis. The rootstock produces several thickened 
fibres, sometimes uniting into a deeply divided tuber. Stem 6 to 8 inches 
high, with a few oblong leaves. Spike dense, cylindrical, 1 to 2 inches 
long, with numerous small, sweet-scented flowers. Sepals concave, but 
open, scarcely above a line long; the lip about their length, with 3 entire 
lobes, the middie one the longest. Gymnadenia albida, Rich. 
In mountain pastures, in northern and Arctic Europe, and in the great 
mountain-ranges of central Europe. Abundant in Scotland and northern 
England ; found also in Sussex, North Wales, and Ireland. Fl. summer. 
5. H. viridis, Br. (fig.1008). Green Habenaria, Frog Orchis.—Tubers 
more or less lobed. Stem 4 to 8 inches high, with a few ovate or oblong 
leaves, and a rather close spike of yellowish green flowers, rather larger 
than in H. albida, but with the same very short spur or pouch. Bracts 
usually longer than the ovary. Sepals converging over the column and 
petals, about 23 or 3 lines long. Lip longer and hanging, oblong, 
with nearly parallel sides, and 3 or sometimes only 2 very short lobes at 
the tip. 
In hilly pastures, in Europe, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic 
regions, but rather a mountain plant in the south, Russian Asia, and 
North America, Frequent in Scotland and Ireland, less so in southern 
England. Fl. summer. 
XIII. ACERAS. ACERAS. 
Flowers and habit of an Orchis, except that there is no spur whatever 
to the lip. 
A genus of very few species, from Europe, Asia, and northern Africa. 
1. 4. anthropophora, Br. (fig. 1009). Man Aceras, Man-Orchis. 
—A rather small species, seldom above 8 or 9 inches high, with entire 
tubers; the leaves varying from ovate to oblong or nearly lanceolate. 
