474 “THE RUSH FAMILY. [ Luzula. 
2, L. sylvatica, Gaud. (fig. 1076). Great Woodrush.—Kasily known 
among British species by its large size; the stems attaining 14 to 2 feet 
or more, and the leaves a breadth of 3 or 4 lines and a length of above a 
foot. Flowers in little clusters of 2 or 3, in a large, loose, compound 
panicle. Perianth rather smaller than in Z. pilosa, the segments broader 
but with a fine point. Capsule nearly of the same length. Seeds without 
any appendage. 
In woods, chiefly in hilly districts, in western, southern, and central 
Europe, as far as central Germany and western Scandinavia. Extends all 
over Britain. 1. early summer. 
3. G.arcuata, Hook. (fig 1077). Curved Woodrush.—A small species, 
seldom attaining 6 inches, with the leaves channelled almost as in Juncus, 
and without the white hairs of our other Zuzule. The panicle consists 
of 3 or 4 clusters or heads of 3 or 4: flowers each, about half the size of those 
of L. pilosa ; the central cluster sessile, the others on rather long, slender, 
curved peduncles. Capsule nearly globular, shorter than the perianth. 
Seeds without any appendage. 
A high northern species, frequent in Arctic Europe, Asia, and America. 
In Britain, only on the summits of some of the highest Scotch moun- 
tains, Fl. summer. 
4, i.campestris, Br. (fig. 1078). Field Woodrush.—The foliage, 
stature, and white hairs are those of Z. pilosa, but the flowers, instead of 
being single, are collected 6 to 8 or more together in close ovoid heads or 
clusters, of which from 3 to 6 form a small terminal panicle; the central 
cluster sessile, the others on slender peduncles varying from a line or 
two to an inch in length. Perianth-segments very pointed, brown, with 
light-coloured shining edges, about 14 lines long. Capsules shorter and 
obtuse. 
In dry pastures, woods, and heaths, throughout the northern hemisphere 
without the tropics, and in some parts of the southern hemisphere, Abun- 
dant in Britain. #1. spring. In some specimens, L. erecta, Desv. (mul- 
tiflora, Lej.), the peduncles are so shortened as to give the inflorescence 
the appearance of that of LZ. spicata, but the outer clusters are never 
quite sessile, and the perianth is always much larger than in LZ. spicata. 
5, &. spicata, DC. (fig. 1079). Spiked Woodrush.—Rather smaller 
than L. campestris, and the flowers considerably smaller (about # line 
long), in dense clusters, all sessile, forming an ovoid or oblong terminal 
spike, # to near 1 inch long, and more or less drooping, the lowest 1 
or 2 clusters often a little apart from the others, but always sessile within 
a short leafy bract. 
An alpine species, common in northern and Arctic Europe, Asia, ea 
America, and in the high mountain-ranges of central and southern Europe 
and Asia. Abundant in Scotland, very local in northern England and 
North Wales, and unknown in eee Fl. summer. 
LXXXVII. RESTIACEA, THE RESTIO FAMILY. 
Herbs, differing from Juncacee in their unisexal flowers, and 
in their ovules and seeds always solitary in each cell of the 
yiee 
