482 THE’ SEDGE FAMILY. [Scerpus. 
5, S. paucifiorus, Lightf. (fig. 1093). Few-flowered Scirpus.—In — 
appearance much like a starved, slender state of S. palustris, whilst the 
nut is nearer that of S. cespitosus. Stems slender and many of them 
barren, not 6 inches high, the sheaths without leafy tips. Spikelet small, 
not containing above 5 or 6 flowers. Hypogynous bristles, 3-cleft style, 
and obovoid nut, as in S. multicaulis, but the thickened base of the style 
is considerably narrower, forming a tapering point to the nut, not a conical 
tubercle. 
In moorlands, and the edges of pools, in northern and central Europe, 
Asia, North tie and the mountains of southern Europe, but scarcely 
an Arctic plant. In Britain, more frequent in Scotland, Ireland, and 
northern England than in the south. Fl. summer. 
6, S.ceespitosus, Linn. (fig. 1094). Tufted Scirpus,—Stems 6 
inches to a foot high, densely tufted, covered for an inch or two at their 
base with closely imbricated sheaths, the outer ones brown, the inner ones 
green, with narrow, leafy tips, 1 to 2 lines long. Spikelets solitary and 
terminal, ovoid, brown, scarcely above 2 lines long; the outer bract like 
the glumes but larger, with an almost leafy tip, about the length of the 
spikelet. Flowers usually 6 to 8 in the spikelet. Hypogynous bristles 
about 6. Style 3-cleft, the persistent base very minute. Zleocharis 
cespitosa, Link. 
In moorlands and bogs, common in northern and Arctic Europe, Asia, 
and America, but restricted to mountain-ranges in central and southern 
Europe, and not recorded from the Caucasus. Frequent in Britain, except- 
ing some of the southern counties of England. FV. swmmer. 
7. S.fiuitans, Linn. (fig. 1095). Floating Scirpus.—Xasily known by 
its long, slender, branching stems, either floating on the water, or forming 
soft, densely matted masses on its margin, with linear-subulate leaves, < to 
2 inches long. Spikelets solitary and terminal, oblong greenish, not 2 
lines long, the outer bract without any leafy point. Flowers without 
hypogynous bristles. Styles 2-cleft. Isolepis fluitans, Br. 
In pools and still waters, generally distributed over Europe, and re- 
appearing in the southern hemisphere, but not recorded from Asia or 
America. Scattered over the whole of Britain, but not very common, FV. 
summer. 
8, S. setaceus, Linn. (fig. 1096). Bristle Scirpus.—Stems slender, 
2 or 8 inches high, forming little dense tufts, with 1 or 2 short, subulate 
leaves on each stem, sheathing it at the base. Spikelets solitary, or 2 or 3 
together in a little cluster, appearing lateral, the subulate point of the outer 
bract forming a continuation of the stem. Each spikelet is ovoid, seldom 
2 lines long; the glumes broad and short, dark brown, with a green mid- 
rib. No hypogynous bristles. Style 3-cleft. Nut very small, marked 
with about 8 longitudinal ribs and furrows, only visible under a magnifying- 
glass. Isolepis setacea, Br. 
In gravelly and sandy places, on the margins of pools, etc., in Europe 
and Russian Asia, from the Mediterranean nearly to the Arctic circle. 
Generally distr ibuted over Britain. FZ. summer. 
9. S. Savii, Seb. and Maur. (fig. 1097). Savz’s Seinpus. —Very like. 
S. setaceus, but usually still more slender, although sometimes attaining 6 
or 8 inches; the point of the outer bract oe exceeds the spikelet, and 
