Scirpus. | LXXXVIII. CYPERACEH. 483 
the nut has not the longitudinal ribs and furrows of S. setaceus. 8. 
riparius, Spreng. Isolepis Saviana, Sch. 
In marshes and edges of pools, chiefly near the sea, frequent in the 
southern hemisphere, and in the Mediterranean region and west of France. 
In Britain, in several counties from Wales and Suffolk southwards, also in 
Lancashire, the west of Scotland, and Ireland. #1. summer. 
10, S- Holoschoenus, Linn. (fig. 1098). Clustered Scirpus.—A stiff, 
rush-like plant, with a stout, creeping rootstock, and cylindrical stems, 1 
to 2 feet high or even more, with 1 or 2 stiff leaves sheathing the base, 
Spikelets very numerous and small, closely packed into one or more globular 
heads, forming a lateral cluster or umbel, the largest stiff outer bract 
forming an apparent continuation of the stem. ‘The largest heads are 
seldom above 4 or 5 lines diameter, and contain upwards of 30 spikelets, 
of a light-brown colour, each containing many flowers. No hypogynous 
bristles. Style 2-cleft or rarely 3-cleft. 
' In sandy places, chiefly near the sea, in the Mediterranean region, ex- 
tending into central Asia, and in western Europe tothe Loire and Belgium, 
and here and there into central Kurope. In Britain, only in two neigh- 
bouring localities in North Devon and the Channel Islands, FJ. late in 
summer. 
11. S. pungens, Vahl. (fig. 1099). Sharp Scirpus. Very near .8. 
triqueter, but a rather smaller plant; one or two of the sheaths bear 
narrow, keeled leaves 1 to 3 inches long, the spikelets are few (usually 3 to 
6), all sessile, in a close cluster; the stiff, triangular, outer bract continuing 
the stem as in S. triqueter. 
In bogs, marshes, and on the margins of pools, chiefly in North America 
and the West Indies, but occurs occasionally in western Europe, and has 
been found. on the sandy banks of St. Ouen’s Pond, in Jersey. £7. summer, 
rather late. 
12. S.triqueter, Linn. (fig. 1100). Triangular Scirpus.—Rootstock 
creeping. Stems acutely triangular, 2 or 3 feet high, leafless, except that 
the one or two loose sheaths at the base bear a short lanceolate blade, 
from a couple of lines to near an inch long. Spikelets usually 8 or 10 or 
even more, the central ones sessile, the others stalked, forming a compound 
lateral cluster or umbel; the stiff, triangular outer bract continuing 
the stem for an inch or more. Each spikelet is ovoid, 4 or 5 lines long; 
the glumes brown, broad, usually notched or fringed at the top, witha 
minute point. Hypogynous bristles about 5. Style 2-cleft. Nut smooth 
and shining. 
In marshes, and edges of pools, in central and southern Europe, extend- 
ing eastward to eastern Asia and Australia, and northward chiefly in 
western Europe to Denmark; also found in America. Rare in Britain, 
and limited to the banks of tidal rivers from the Thames to Cornwall. 7. 
late in summer. 
13. S. lacustris, Linn. (fig. 1101). Lake Scirpus.—Rootstock creep- - 
ing, with stout, erect stems, from 2 or 3, to 6 or 8 feet high, cylindrical 
at the base, gradually tapering upwards, and sometimes obtusely triangular 
near the top, with a single short leaf near the base. Spikelets ovoid 
or oblong, 3 to 6 lines long, rather numerous, in a compound lateral 
~ umbel or cluster, the outer bract continuing the stem. Glumes numerous, 
ee ag arcs 
