Carex. | LXXXVIiI, CYPERACER. 489 
sr spikelets short, or very brown (seldom above an inch) ‘ F » 45 
Female spikelets greenish, 1 to 6 inches long - 46 
Female spikelets light brown, loose, Lower bracts leafy, with ines sheaths. 
Fruits beaked 5 . 38. C. capillaris, 
Female spikelets pale gr een, oblong. Lower bracts leafy, with short sheaths. 
4S Fruits not beaked 5 32. C. pallescens, 
Female spikelets dark brown. Bracts almost without sheaths. Fruits com- 
pressed, not beaked 39. C. limosa. 
Female spikelets brown, cylindrical. Sheaths yariable. Fruits ovoid, not 
beaked . 40. C, glauca. 
46 { Female spikelets distant, not crowded. Stems weak and leafy . 47 
Female spikelets not very distant. Flowers crowded. Biome) stout, 3 to 5 ft. 48 
Female spikelets about an inch, on slender stalks. Fruits rather long- besos 
. C. sylwatea, 
a7 {rena spikelets about 2 inches, very slender. ee ay almost concealed in the 
sheaths. Fruits short-pointed . A2. C. strigosa. 
‘Female spikelets about 2 inches, on slender stalks. Glumes and fruits spread- 
48 ing, with long points . . 43, OC. Pseudocyperus. 
Female spikelets 4 to 6 inches. Stalks almost concealed i inthe sheaths. Fruits 
small, scarcely beaked . : 44, C. pendula. 
49 { Fruits obtuse. Spikelets dark brown. Leaves glaucous ‘ 40. C. glauca. 
Fruits beaked or pointed. Spikelets brown-green. Stems tall ar long leaves 50 
Fruits much flattened, pointed . ‘i 47. C. paludosa, 
sof Fruits inflated, abruptly contracted into a long beak 7 : es C. ampullacea. 
Fruits infl ated, tapering into a short beak ° . » ee 46. C. vesicaria. 
1. ©. dioica, Linn. (fig. 1108), Diccious Carex.—A slender dicecious 
plant, seldom above 6 or 8 inches high, with a creeping rootstock; the 
leaves very narrow, much shorter than the stem, the radical ones loosely 
tufted. Spikelets brown, solitary on each stem ; those of the male plant 
linear, about 6 lines long; the females much shorter, and ovoid. Fruits 
longer than the glumes, contracted into a point, and more or less spread- 
ing when ripe. Styles 2-cleft. 
In spongy bogs, in northern and Arctic Europe, Asia, and America, and 
in the mountain-ranges of central Europe. Common in Scotland, northern 
England and Ireland, but rarer in the south. FV. early summer. 
 [C. Davalliana, Sm., alluded to in former editions under this species, 
is a very distinct one, formerly found near Bath, but now extinct. | 
2. ©. pulicaris, Linn. (fig. 1109). Flea Carex.—A small tufted 
Species, not creeping, 3 to 6 inches high, the leaves narrow, almost subu- 
late, shorter than the stem. Spikelet solitary and terminal, about 9 lines 
long, male in the upper half, 3 to 7 of the lower flowers female. Style 
2-cleft. Fruit ovate, sessile, and erect when young, becoming oblong, 
pointed, contracted at the base, and horizontally spreading when ripe, and 
then nearly 2 lines long. 
In wet meadows and bogs, or moist hilly pastures, in northern Europe 
and Asia, and in the mountains of central and southern Europe to the 
Caucasus. Generally spread over Britain. FV. early summer. 
3. C. rupestris, All. (fig. 1110). Rock Carex.—Rootstock creeping. 
Leaves in loose tufts, broader and flatter than in C. pulicaris, but ending 
in a long, fine point. Stems 3 to 6 inches high, with a linear, mixed 
spikelet like that of C. pulicaris, but the style is 3-cleft, and the fruit is 
shorter, obovoid, not pointed, and not so spreading. The lower glumes 
often bear a fine deciduous point. 
On wet rocks, and moors, in the mountains of northern and Arctic 
Europe and Asia, and North America, and the higher ranges of central 
