* 
‘ 
550 THE EQUISETUM FAMILY. — [Equisetum. 
Stem rough, with 10 to 18 STa0tRs Uppy sheaths sub- ied ; 
campanulate : ‘ ; - . 6. £F. littorale, 
Stem rough, sag ha 5 to 12 grooves. ‘Sheaths cylindric . 
appressed . ‘ - « « 4%. EH. palustre. 
Spikes acute or apiculate. 
Stem with 8 to 12 grooves. Sheaths cylindric, at length | 
black; teethslender. . : ; : : . _« 9 EH. trachyodon. 
Stem with 14 to 20 grooves. Sheaths cylindric, appressed, 
at length black; teeth slender, tips deciduous . 8. EF. hyemale. 
Stem very slender, 4- to 10- grooved. Sheaths cylindric, 
teeth short obtuse membranous. . 10. E. variegatum. 
1. &. Telmateia, Ehrh. (fig. 1263). Grout “Eguisetum, —The fruiting 
stems appear alone early in spring, they are quite simple, 8 or 10 inches 
high, as thick as a finger, of a pale-brown colour; the sheaths rather loose, 
an inch long or more, completely covering the stem from one joint to the 
next, of a dark brown, marked with 20 to 30 or more longitudinal strie, 
and fringed with as many long, subulate teeth, or half as many, these 
teeth being often joined 2 and 2 together. Spike fully 2 inches long, the 
lower whorls of scales often distinct. Barren stems appearing after the 
fruiting ones have withered away, often several feet high, white, with 
the tips of the sheaths black; the long, crowded, slender branches very 
numerous in each whorl. H. maximum, Lamk. 
In marshy, shady, wet, or gravelly places, in temperate Europe, not 
extending northward into Scandinavia, nor perhaps southward into Spain, 
but eastward to Greece and the Caucasus, and thence all across Russian 
Asia, and in North America. Occurs over the greater part of England, 
Ireland, and western and south-eastern Scotland. Fr. early spring. 
2, &. arvense, Linn. (fig. 1264). Meld Hquisetum, Common Horse- 
tail.—Fruiting stem simple, thick, 8 or 10 inches high, and dying before 
the barren ones appear, as jin H. Telmateia, but the sheaths are seldom 
above 8 or 9 lines long, at a considerable distance from each other, and 
have seldom more than about 10 lanceolate teeth, and are dark only in the 
upper part. Barren stems 1 to 2 feet high, with slender spreading branches, 
about 10 to 12 in each whorl ; these are sometimes slightly branched, but 
never regularly so as in #. sylvaticum. 
In fields and waste or moist places, throughout Europe [and temperate 
Asia, from the Mediterranean to the Arctic regions, and in North America. 
Abundant in Britain. Lr. spring. 
3. &. syivaticum, Linn. (fig. 1265). Wood Hquisetum.—Fruiting 
stems at first nearly simple, and about a foot high, but soon branched, 
like the barren ones. Sheaths about half an inch long, divided into about 
_ 6 to 8 lanceolate, scarious lobes, broader than in our other Hquisetums. 
Spike about 6 to 8 lines long, obtuse. Branches, both of the barren and 
fertile stems, 10 to 16 or more in a whorl, very slender, but not above 2 or 
3 inches long, and remarkable for bearing, at the lower nodes at least, 
whorls of 2, 3, or more smaller branches, which give the plant a very 
elegant tufted appearance. 
In wet woods, and shady places, in temperate and northern Europe and 
Asia, from northern Italy and the Caucasus to the Arctic regions, and in 
North America. Spread all over Britain, but more abundant in Scotland 
and northern England and Ireland than in the south. #7. summer, or 
commencing in spring. 
4, H. pratense, Ehrh. (fig. 1266). Shady Hquisetum.—Allied to 
