554 THE FERN FAMILY. ‘3 
Fronds deeply pinnatifid, with entire segments. Sori ai concealed by the 
scales. - 10, CETERACH. 
Fronds twice pinnate, with small segments. Sori circular, with chaffy hairs 
intermixed . 15. WoopsiA. 
Tall, erect, stiff fern, ternately divided, with pinnate ‘pranches and sessile 
obes . . 12, Preris. 
pee fern, not a foot high, much divided, with broad, wedge- shaped lobes 
on capillary stalks . . 13. ADIANTUM, 
aver oblong or linear, covered (when young) with a “membrane attached along 
e side. - 12 
Sori circular, either without, any "indusium, or covered (when young) with a 
membrane attached by the centre or by a lateral point ; my | 
11 
Frond entire. Indusium opening in a slit along the centre 9. ScoLorENDRIUM, 
Frond pinnate or much divided. Indusium opening along the inner side. 
8. ASPLENIUM. 
{ 14 
12 
Fronds simply pinnate, with entire or toothed segments or pinnas 
Fronds pinnate, with pinnatifid primary divisions or pinnas, or twice or thrice 
pinnate* 
Segments narrow lanceolate, rather thick, attached to ‘the stalk by : a proad 
base, and confluent. Sori golden- yellow, without any indusium., 
4 (1). Potypopium vulgare. 
| Segments distinct er stalked, ovate-falcate, prickly toothed, with a prominent 
13 
angle or lobe at the base on the inner side. Sori with a small circular indu- 
sium ., .7 (1). Asprp1um Lonchitis. 
Segments small, obovate. Indusium attached laterally ; . §8. ASPLENIUM. 
Lower pair of pinnas much larger than the others, giving the frond a broadly 
triangular or rhomboidal form . ‘ 16 
Lowest pair, or several lower pairs of pinnas, decreasing i in size or not larger 
than the rest. Frond ovate or lanceolate in outline , 
Fronds once pinnate, with pinnatifid segments 4 (2). PoLyPopIuM Phegopteris. 
Fronds twice pinnate, the pinnas mostly opposite 4 (4). Potypopitum Dryopteris. 
Fronds twice pinnate, the pinnas mostly alternate . : 14, CysSTOPTERIS. 
Fronds delicate, seldom a foot high, without any brown scarious scales (or very 
few at the base of the stalk), twice pinnate, with stalked pinnas 1 
e 
5 
16 
’ ot: | 
Fronds stiff, 1 to 3 feet high or more (except in Polypodium Phegopteris). The 
stalk more or less shaggy below the ey. Patt, with brown scarious scales 
(except in Aspidium Thelypteris) : : : : 19 
Segments with fine pointed teeth ‘ 8. AspLENIUM. 
Segments oblong or lanceolate, nearly sessile with obtuse teeth, or lobes. 
. CYSTOPTERIS, 
Segments small, obovate, stalked, with obtuse teeth. Delicate warneg 
6. GRAMMITIS. 
Fronds pinnate, the pinnas deeply pinnatifid, the lobes entire or obtuse, and 
slightly toothed . ; 
tae twice pinnate, the segments sharply toothed or pinnatifid. : . 24 
Pinnas (all but the lowest pair) attached to the stalk by their broad base. 
4 (2). Pontypopium Phegopteris. 
Pinnas attached by their midrib only . . : : . : 
91 5 Lobes of the pinnas entire. Sori near their margins ‘ ‘ . 22 
Lobes of the pinna slightly toothed. Sori near their base or centre P . 23 
“No scarious scales on the stalk. No glands on the leat part. 
7 (3). ASPIDIUM Thelypterss. 
Stalk with brown scarious scales at the base. a glands on the under 
surface of the segments : . 7 (4). Asprp1um Oreopteris. 
Segments of the pinnas oblong, very numerous, searcely broader at the base. 
3 7 (5). Asprp1um Pilix-mas, 
Segments ovate, wedge-shaped at the base . ; 7 (6). ASPIDIUM cristatum. 
Segments of the pinnas with finely pointed, almost prickly teeth ; the inner lobe 
94) . or tooth at the base much larger than the rest . 7 Asprpium aculeatum. 
Segments of the pinnas mith shortly pointed teeth or pinnatifid; the lobes of 
each side similar . . 
19 
20 
22 
* In all twice or thrice pinnate leaves or fronds the primary divisions on each 
side of the main stalk are called pinnas, the ultimate divisions retaining the name 
of segments. 
