“1g 
ANNIVERSARY ADDRESS. 3 
Royal Society, the Légion d’ Honneur 1855, the Foreign Associ 
ateship of the Institute of France (1859), and the Prussian Ordre 
pour le Mérite (1851); he was one of the eight zoologists and 
physiologists who are the foreign members of the American 
Academy; he was decorated by the King of Italy and the 
Emperor of Brazil; he was in various ways connected with innu- 
merable scientific societies, and a doctor of several universities. 
Mr. Epwarpd CHARLES CRACKNELL was born at Rochester, 
England in 1831, and was educated at Oxford. In 1848 he went 
to London and devoted himself to scientific pursuits. In Novem- 
ber 1855 in company with Mr. Charles Todd, c.m.a. (head of the 
South Australian Post and Telegraph Departments), Mr. Cracknell 
came to Adelaide, and took up the duties of Assistant-Superin- 
tendent of Telegraphs. In 1858 he was appointed Assistant- 
Superintendent of Telegraphs in New South Wales, and in 1861 
on the retirement of Captain Martindale, he was appointed to the 
position of Superintendent. He introduced into Australia the 
duplex and quadruplex systems, and deserves the credit of organis- 
ing the present service. He took a great interest in the Torpedo 
or Submarine Miners Corps; he received a commission as lieu- 
tenant in 1874, and attained the rank of Lieutenant Colonel 
Commanding in 1886. He was a member of the Institution of 
Civil Engineers, and of the Institution of Electrical Engineers of 
England, and was the first president of the Electric Club of 
Sydney. He was elected a member of the Council of the Royal 
Society five times, viz., in 1867, 1868, 1872, 1875, and 1879, and 
read two papers before the Society :— 
July 14, 1869—On the Electric Telegraph between England and India, 
and how to connect the Australian Colonies with the Telegraphic 
‘Systems of Europe and America. 
July 20, 1874—On Duplex Telegraphy. 
The illness which proved fatal was caused through over exertion 
during an all day parade; he was buried with military honours. 
Wm. Hatuipay, M.L.c., was born in 1827 at Dumfries in Scot- 
land, he arrived in Victoria from England in 1852, and entered 
