FLYING-MACHINE MOTORS AND CELLULAR KITES. Th 
Date of Trial | Spirits burnt, Water pumped, Double Time— 
1892. Cubic inches. Cubic inches. vibrations. Seconds. 
Nov. 25 A413 14°7 74 40 
Dec. 5 3°03 15°57 104 80 
en Mee SO 23°78 248 240 
aaah y 3°46 19:0 152 116 
eal OY, |* 3°46 20°76 160 140 
» 14 3°46 10°81 100 70 
se 3°03 13°84 85 63 
Bd AG 3°46 30°27 206 152 
» 16 3°46 19) 100 56 
Some thrust diagrams were taken from No. 18, showing that 
1:75 double vibrations per second produced a thrust of one pound. 
Tt takes 2°36 double vibrations per second of No. 17 to produce 
one pound of thrust. 
Three steam two-bladed screw motors (Plate 2), were made; 
the screw arms being hollow with steam jet holes 5.5 in. from the 
boss and the jets reacted at right angles to the direction the blades 
were moving in. When the water was pumped into the boiler by 
hand, a thrust of over half a pound was obtained, but the bearing 
soon got hot and stuck. When a feed pump was attached, driven 
by an eccentric on the boss of the screw, the speed of revolution 
was reduced so much that the motor was practically ineffective, 
besides which there was great difficulty in getting a very small 
pump to work at a high speed. 
Before beginning another motor it was thought advisable to try 
whether a better disposition of the supporting surface, or body- 
plane as the writer terms it, could not be found out; and at the 
same time to see if any foundation could be discovered for the 
assertion that birds utilize the wind in soaring. No amount of 
observation of birds will solve the soaring problem; it can alone 
be done by making some form of apparatus that will advance 
against the wind without losing its elevation. 
The expense of constructing and erecting a large whirling 
machine similar to Prof. Langley’s or Mr. H. S. Maxim’s being 
too great, and knowledge of the fact that planes or other things 
