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140 SIDNEY H. RAY. 
In the Dravidian languages of Southern India, the root KA is 
represented by kay, ‘to burn’ (Telugu dialect, kd-lu, kd-gu, Tamil 
kanger), kin, ‘to see,’ kan, ‘ the eye,’ kadu, ‘to be sharp, pungent, 
fierce, swift, to be hot, to ache,’ kadz, ‘to bite,’ kavi, ‘red ochre,’ 
_ kaveri, ‘turmeric,’ chem, ke-n, se, ‘to be hot,’ sembu, ‘red,’ ti, ‘fire,’ 
avd (for kava), ‘desire.’ 
Now, in Mr. Ray’s list of words for ‘sun’ and ‘daylight,’ the 
most common is some form of alo, and the nearest approach to 
that is the Dravidian Adlu, ‘to burn, to shine.’ The loss of an 
initial & is no uncommon thing in Oceania, but the & still remains 
in the Samoan ‘alo-‘alo, ‘a sunbeam’; it remains also in several 
words used in the Indian Archipelago to mean ‘sun,’ as haliha, 
kluh, and kat, kila, gawak, ‘daylight,’ kalap, chaleret, ‘lightning.’ 
Even the negrito Samangs of Malacca say kael for ‘sky,’ and Fiji 
has kalo-kalo, ‘a star.’ And ‘ula (kula), ‘red,’ is another word in 
Samoa which I trace to the Dr. kdlu, for metathesis is common 
there. Brightness is the original idea in all these words. 
In the list, da, ra is the common Polynesian word for ‘sun.’ It 
is immaterial whether we take this from the root KA or the root 
DA, for both changes of sound are legitimate; I prefer to take it 
from KA, for that is the form which appears to have spread most 
to the East, the £ often changing into 7. The connection of Ja, 
‘sun, with words for ‘blood’ /q¢.v.) is manifest, and the reason 
why is shown by the Sanskrit meanings under the root RA, as 
above. But in Samoan, /a also means a ‘sail’; here again you 
may see the reason why in the Sk. rajata and rdma; the Sk. ruch 
also, when written in Greek, is lJeukos, ‘white,’ and the Greek 
lampros, ‘bright,’ if written /amb-ara, might pass as a pure Oceanic. 
word. The Maori ko-ma, ‘whitish,’ and ko-maru, ‘sun,’ ‘sail’ (from 
the root BA, MA) illustrate the Samoan double meaning of Ja. 
From this root Ma come other words for ‘sun’ in Mr. Ray’s list, 
ma-80, ma-re, me-rt. In some parts of Oceania this root also means 
‘to see’; whence the ma-ta, ‘eye,’ of our lists, and that corresponds 
with the Dravidian kan, ‘eye,’ from the verb kan, ‘to see,’ and the 
root KA. Under this head also come ma, ‘ white’ /q.v.), mast (Fiji) 
