THE LANGUAGES OF THE NEW HEBRIDES. 141 
‘native cloth’ made from the ‘ white’ fibre of the mulberry tree, 
the Samoan words masi-na, ‘the moon,’ and masoa, ‘ arrowroot.’ 
The root DA gives dhé, du, ndae, dan, drat, in our list, nnd DI 
gives di-na, di-art, ne-thig, na-diat, with which compare the Latin 
di-es, ‘day,’ sub di-o, ‘in the open air,’ d-vus, ‘a god,’ and the Sk. 
deva, ‘a god,’ Dyauspater, Lat. Jupiter. Compare also the Fijian 
diva, dia, ‘to look.’ The gar of line 3 I take to be for kar, whence 
the Malay arin mata-ari, ‘the sun.’ This connection is supported 
by the Motu gara-gara, ‘hot,’ Efate, giri-girt, ‘bright,’ Tukiok, 
garo, ‘to desire earnestly,’ (cf. Sk. ruch, and Sam. alo-fa, ‘love a 
kwire, ‘to see, look,’ Maori, koro-tu, ‘desirous,’ koro-pupu, ‘to boil,” 
(cf. Malay, goring, ‘broil’), New Britain, karat, ‘to bite,’ kara-gap, 
‘rage,’ Motu, koria, ‘to bite’ (cf. Dr. kadi, Sk. ruchaka). With 
gar compare also the Ebudan words for ‘ red,’ No. 78, lines 23 — 25. 
Consult also Curtius (‘‘Greek Etymology”) on the roots ghar, bha, 
bharg, rag, arg, lamp, ‘to shine.’ The Sk. has ghr-ansas, ‘heat of 
of the sun,’ and the Keltic has gr-van, ‘the sun.’ 
I now wish to show how widely the root ka has spread in 
Oceania. Thus the Malay chaya is ‘bright, clear,’ and garam is. 
‘anger’; the Motu kaka-kaka is ‘scarlet,’ halaka is ‘scorch’; New 
Britain has kolot, kan-kan, ‘anger,’ ka-ka, ‘bright red,’ ka-pa, ‘to 
shine’; Tukiok has kal-kalawap, ‘to burn,’ kup, ‘to blaze,’ kum-ala 
‘to shine, and wa-kupt, ‘to light’; Maori has kan-apa, ‘bright’ and 
the words with koro as given above. A longer form of ka-ka is. 
the Samoan ‘a‘asa (kakasa), ‘to be red hot,’ and to-‘asd, a chief’s. 
‘anger,’ from the same root ka. The Aneityumese, which delights 
in dethroning an initial root-consonant so that the word may begin 
with a vowel, says ef-ehcas (for kakas), ‘bright, shining,’ eh: (for 
kali), ‘to singe’; it also has aces, ‘to bite,’ acas, cas, ‘burning, hot, 
pungent, sour,’ acas, ‘to burn,’ acen, ‘sour, angry.’ This acas, cas 
or kasa (cf. Samoan ‘a‘asa) is the Fijian ngesa, ‘to burn’ in cooking, 
and seems to me to be the body of the word nagesega (line 1), ‘the 
sun,’ as if ‘the burning one,’ for it may be resolved into na-agese-ga 
of which na and ga are formatives. Again, if, following the 
analogy of the Sk. derivatives of raj (supra) and the meaning of 
