THE LANGUAGES OF THE NEW HEBRIDES. 161 
97. Stay—The word toko does not appear in Tanna and Ero- 
manga, but is present in the Aneityum ateuc, ‘to sit.’ 
98. Sit—This word is usually the same as that for ‘stay,’ often 
with the word for ‘ground’ added, as in ¢ok-e-tan, jo-a-tano, toko- 
san, etc. The Malekula sagcer, sagcali, Tangoa sakele, mean ‘to 
sit on something high,’ Mota sage, Ambalok non means ‘to sit 
on something low.’ Sake is a very common directive, meaning 
‘upward; to ascend.’ 
99. Go—Vano and va in various forms are widely distributed. 
The notion is probably that of motion only. Pangkumuo is Lifu 
tro in tro-thu, where tha denotes motion from the speaker. 
100. Come—The word maz is probably never a verb, but rather 
an adverb ‘hither.’ It is commonly used with verbs of motion, as 
in Lifu tro-mi, Malekula and Maewo, vani-mat, vano-mat, ete. 
[‘ Go,’ ‘Come’ are allied ; cf Dr. pé, ‘to go,’ vd, ‘to come,’ Gr. 
ba-o, ba-ino,’ ‘I go,’ Lat. va-do. | 
NUMERALS. 
These require little notice and many are fully discussed in Dr. 
Codrington’s “Melanesian Languages.” There are three methods 
of numeration in use. 1. Pure quinary.—‘‘ No word for ten is in 
use, except such a one as shows five to be the number really in 
view.”* 2. Imperfect decimal.— There isa word for ten; after 
five is reached there is no further mention of the five.”+ 3. 
Decimal.—‘“ Each number is expressed by a different word.”t 
The vigesimal system, which among the languages here shown is 
only found in Lifu, has no representatives in the New Hebrides. 
Tabulated according to numeral systems, the New Hebrides 
Languages appear as follows: 
1. Quinary: Distinct words from one to five ; the remaining 
numbers expressed by addition. Mxamples :—Aneityum, Tanna, 
Eromanga. In Tanna, ten is ‘five-five,’ in Eromanga ‘two-fives.’ 
2. ImperFect Decima.: (a) Distinct words from one to five; 
Six, seven, eight, and niné are expressed by one, two, three, four, 
* Codrington, Melanesian Languages, p. 222. + Ibid p. 223. tf Ibid p. 228. 
K—July 5, 1893. 
