400 R. H. CAMBAGE. 



of a plant, for here we have a species which flourishes on 

 the banks of fresh water streams, and extends throughout 

 the greater portion of Eastern Australia, north and south t 

 but is unable to follow the streams for any great distance 

 across the continent to the westward. Its great desidratum 

 appears to be perfectly fresh water, and this is usually best 

 obtained where the water is in motion. 



Casuarina Luelimanni (Bull Oak) occurs between Kambul 

 and Biboohra, just north of latitude 17°, so that this record 

 places its known northerly range well into the tropics. It 

 is now known to extend from Biboohra in the north to 

 south-western Victoria and south-eastern South Australia 

 near Serviceton in the south. It is remarkable that a 

 species with such an extensive range should show so little 

 variation in habit, for it may be mentioned that the general 

 appearance of the Bull Oak trees near Kambul is so similar 

 to those of New South Wales and Victoria, that the species 

 was identified from the train window. The identification, 

 however, has since been corroborated by the receipt of 

 specimens kindly sent by Miss L. Martin of Biboohra, and 

 which show the characteristic flat cones with seeds arranged 

 in three whorls. 



ALMA-DEN. 



Parts of two days were spent in examining and collecting 

 plants within a radius of one or two miles of Alma-den, 

 which is situated 121 miles by rail westerly from Cairns, 

 and 18 miles short of Ohillagoe. 



The geological formation of the area examined is granite 

 containing about 68 to 70° silica, and producing an open 

 forest vegetation. The locality is about 1,600 feet above 

 sea level, and is to some extent comparable with the lower 

 western slopes of northern New South Wales. The rainfall, 

 which is somewhere in the vicinity of 35 inches annually, 

 is confined chiefly to the period between December and 



