SOME COMMON MUSHROOMS AND HOW TO KNOW THEM 51 
HYDNACEAE (TOOTH FUNGI) 
In the family Hydnaceae the plants are stipitate, bracket shaped 
or resupinate, fleshy, corky, leathery, or woody. In Hydnum, the 
most highly developed genus of this family, the hymenium is dis- 
tinctly toothlike, but there are many intermediate gradations, from 
scattered granules or small hemispherical prominences to toothlike 
developments. In all having teeth, the processes are directed down- 
ward. 
KEY TO HYDNACEAE 
Hymenium of distinct, awl-shaped teeth or spines, resupinate 
or with central stem: Genus 
feel STFU TEC Tet ae Ms 5 Sal ol a a ee Pr Ce Rt ata pea rt HYDNUM. 
EESTI GSW ORs a rc ee bce Ee Se SE oS ECHINODONTIUM. 
Hymenium with teeth united (connected at the base by slightly 
raised folds), plants leathery, teeth not so acute as in 
A Bey GP EU Ua paren pig es en a sO a Be IRPEX. 
Hymenium with coarse, blunt tubercles, subcylindrical, re 
SPT OTN TES TF Sa ea rE Ae Sea Pe re en ae RADULUM. 
HYDNUM 
The species of the genus Hydnum vary greatly as to form, con- 
sistency, and manner of growth. Certain forms possess well-defined 
cap and stem, some are bracket shaped or shelving, and still others 
are resupinate. The teeth are pointed and free from each other at 
the base. In consistency, species of Hydnum range from soft fleshy 
to tough. Many are terrestrial in habit, while others grow on living 
or dead trees. 
HYDNUM CORALLOIDES. CORAL HYDNUM. (EDIBLE) 
This species is easily recognized by the long, interlacing, tapering branches, 
which are of two kinds: The primary, which are nearly sterile; and the 
secondary, which are fertile and chiefly bear the slender terete teeth. The 
substance is fleshy, brittle to somewhat tough. Hydnum coralloides is one 
of the most graceful and beautiful species of fungi, and its white, corallike 
tufts measure from 6 to 18 inches across. It grows on decaying prostrate 
or standing timber and is found from August until frost. It is edible, but 
not very abundant or common. 
HYDNUM ERINACEUS. SATYR’S BEARD. (EDIBLE) 
(Fig. 44) 
Hydnum erinaceus forms pendulous tufts from 2 to 10 inches across. The 
point of attachment is small and the mass generally projects horizontally from 
the substratum. The tufts are white, changing to yellowish brown in drying. 
The individual teeth are crowded, slender, terete, tapering. acute, 1 to 2% 
inches long. This species is quite conspicuous, growing from crotches or 
wounds of trees—beech, oak, locust, ete. Growth from the same source may 
appear year after year. 
CLAVARIACEAE (CORAL FUNGI) 
The common name of the coral fungi was given them on account 
of their resemblance to coral. They are erect, club- shaped, simple, 
or branched and vary in size from slender clubs to large, many- 
branched masses. In many species the color is very beautiful and 
may be lavender, pink, orange, cream, or white. Certain members 
