CONTROL. OF THE JAPANESE BEETLE ON FRUIT AND SHADE TREES 9 



Fruit of early-ripening apples can be protected by this spray only 

 when the most careful orchard sanitation is practiced. Prema- 

 turely ripening or diseased fruit should be removed from the trees, as 

 such fruit is attacked by the beetles even when thoroughly coated 

 with the spray residue, and when these apples are consumed the 

 beetles begin to feed on the sound fruit. All apples on the ground 

 should also be removed, as their odor attracts beetles to the trees 

 under which they are lying. 



There will generally be some residue left on the fruit at the time 

 of harvest. Although this material is nontoxic, it should be removed 

 by the usual commercial wiping or washing equipment. 



LATE APPLES 



Late apples can be protected by spraying with the lime-aluminum 

 sulphate combination or with 6 pounds of acid lead arsenate, to 

 which is added a suitable sticker, in 100 gallons of water. The use 

 of 4 pounds of wheat flour to each 6 pounds of lead arsenate has 

 been found to be one of the most satisfactory ways of increasing the 

 adhesiveness of lead arsenate to fruit and foliage. If, however, 

 other stickers or spreaders, such as cold-water-soluble powdered 

 skim milk or a safe summer oil, have been used previously in the 

 spray schedule, these materials may be substituted for the flour. 

 Two pounds of powdered skim milk should be used to 6 pounds of 

 lead arsenate. When oil is used, enough should be added to give the 

 diluted spray an oil content of from 0.5 to 0.6 percent. The use of 

 summer-oil emulsion with lead arsenate after the first of July may 

 cause difficulty in removing the residue at harvest time, and therefore 

 should be considered only by growers equipped with effective washing 

 machinery. When an application of lead arsenate is made for the 

 control of the codling moth at the time when the spray for the 

 Japanese beetle would normally be applied, the latter may not be 

 necessarjr, but one or two additional applications of these sprays may 

 be needed to give adequate protection throughout the season of beetle 

 activity. 



Since the residue on the fruit is not a factor with nonbearing apple 

 trees, other stickers may be substituted for the flour when young 

 stock is to be sprayed. Satisfactory results have been obtained with 

 iy 2 pints of light-pressed fish oil. 2 The oil should be added after 

 the lead arsenate is in suspension in the water. One application 

 usually gives protection for the season in areas of moderate infesta- 

 tion, but two applications are generally necessary in heavily infested 

 areas. 



PEACHES 

 EARLY PEACHES 



Peaches that ripen in July can be protected by spraying with 

 3 pounds of derris, containing 4 percent of rotenone, and 3 pounds of 

 rosin residue emulsion in 100 gallons of water, provided the orchard 

 sanitation suggested under Early Apples is practiced. Derris may 



2 Fish oil with a saponification value of 190 to 198, a specific gravity of 0.927 to 0.933 

 at 15° C, an iodine number of 139 to 193, and free-fatty-acid content of less than 

 5 percent, should be used. 



