CIRCULAR No. 334 DECEMBER 1934 



UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 

 WASHINGTON, D C. 



CHARACTERS USEFUL IN DISTINGUISHING LARVAE 



OF POPILLIA JAPONICA AND OTHER INTRODUCED 



SCARABAEIDAE FROM NATIVE SPECIES 



By Robert J. Sim, chief illustrator, Division of Japanese and Asiatic Beetles, 

 Bureau of Entomology and Plant Quarantine 



CONTENTS 



Page 



Introduction 1 



Popillia japonica Newm 3 



Anomala orientalis Waterh 4 



Anomala binotata Gyll 4 



Strigoderma arboricola (Fab.) 4 



Pachystethus lucicola (Fab.) 5 



Pelidnota punctata (L.) 5 



MacTodactylus subspinosus (Fab.) 5 



Autoserica castanea Arrow 6 



Serica similis Lewis 6 



Serica parallela Csy 6 



Diplotaxis sp 7 



Dichelonyx sp ._ 7 



Page 



Phyllophaga ephilida (Say) 7 



Phyllophaga tristis (Fab.) 8 



PolyphyUa variolosa ^Hentz) 8 



Ochrosidia villosa (Burm.) 9 



Aphonus castaneus (Melsh.) 9 



Xy lory ctes satyr us (Fab.) 9 



Cotinis nitida (L.) . 10 



Euphoria inda (L.) 10 



Osmoderma eremicola Knoch 10 



Aphodius fossor (L.) 11 



Tror suberosis (Fab.) 11 



Pleclris aLena Chapin 12 



INTRODUCTION 



This circular is intended to present in the simplest way the 

 characters most convenient to use in distinguishing the larvae of 

 Popillia japonica and other introduced species from native species 

 which are frequently associated with them. Twenty-four species 

 met with in the eastern part of the United States are briefly described 

 and figured. Special stress is placed upon the epipharyngeal struc- 

 tures and the characters of the tenth or last abdominal segment 

 (posterior end) of the grub. 1 Where expedient, brief notes on the 

 behavior and habitat are given. 



For preliminary field determinations involving only general ap- 

 pearance and anal characters, a 10-power hand lens is used. For 

 more careful examination in the laboratory, a low-power binocular 

 microscope is required, together with a watch glass, forceps, and a 

 needle ground to a cutting edge. 



The familiar term " white grub " is usually applied to the larvae 

 of May beetles (Phyllophaga spp.), but so far as general appearance 

 goes it could be used for any of the scarabaeid species. These may be 

 described as short, more or less stout, blunt-ended grubs of a creamy 



1 In this circular the nomenclature, with the exceptions of raster, sensillae, sclerotized, 

 and sensory eminence, is that given in the following publication : Hayes, W. P. 



MORPHOLOGY, TAXONOMY, AND BIOLOGY OF LARVAL SCAKABAEOIDEA. 111. Biol. Monographs, 



v. 12, no. 2. 1929. 



82234°— 34 1 1 



