CHARACTERS DISTINGUISHING LARVAE OF POPILLIA, ETC. 3 



the apex of the right torma (at left in the drawings) are two rather 

 large sclerotized objects, usually brown in color. These are the 

 sclerotized plate and the sense cone. There may be a few small 

 sensillae and groups of fine sensory hairs near these. Near the apex 

 of the left torma are usually several small sensillae and likewise 

 groups of sensory hairs. In many species there is an elongate group 

 of larger forked sensory hairs above the apex of the left torma. 



With the exception of a rather large, concave, smooth median 

 space, the surface of the epipharynx is sparsely armed with articu- 

 lated spines and hairs. These are largest toward the central space 

 and gradually decrease in size toward the lateral margins of the 

 epipharynx. Just inside each lateral margin there is usually a series 

 of marginal striae. 



The entire margin is more or less armed with coarse articulated 

 spines of varying lengths — always greater in the apical region. 



As may be seen in the drawings, all the structures are more or 

 less useful in making determinations. Special attention should be 

 paid to the head capsule. Its surface may be glossy or opaque; 

 glabrous, hairy, or setose; smooth, punctured, or reticulated. In 

 color it may be some tone of dull yellow, brown, or blackish. The 

 characters of the head capsule are described in each species. The 

 structures mentioned are shown in the explanatory drawings (fig. 1). 

 The descriptions are by no means complete, as it has seemed unde- 

 sirable to confuse the observer with discussions of the antennae, 

 mandibles, maxillae, labium, legs, etc. Aside from those of the 

 epipharynx, only the more easily discernible characters are noted. 

 The length measurements given are approximate, having been made 

 as well as possible from alcoholic specimens. The term " form 

 medium " is applied to those species which are neither unusually 

 stout as in Osmoderma, nor somewhat slender as in Macrodactylus. 



POPILLIA JAPONICA NEWM. 

 (Introduced) 



Length 23 mm. Form medium. 



Width of head 3 mm. 



Surface of head : Smooth, shining. Epicranial stem a fine, dark, impressed 

 line. Epicranial arms not conspicuous. Front with a short, vague, longi- 

 tudinal, median impression in apical third. At each side of this a row 

 of five punctures diverging toward middle bend of epicranial arm. 



Color of head : Pale dull yellow. 



Epipharynx (fig. 1) : Sensory eminence with a strong, angled sclerotized plate 

 in right side. Several sensillae of two sizes near base of the group of 

 three large, fixed teeth. Right torma long, slender, slightly sinuate; left 

 torma very slender, with apical third curved toward apex of labrum, and 

 with a rather large basal expansion. 



Raster (fig. 6) : Numerous coarse, rather long, scattered, brown, hooked spines. 

 Medially two conspicuous, divergent rows of shorter, straight spines in 

 V form ; 6 or 7 spines in each row. At sides and end of tenth segment 

 numerous rather long, yellowish hairs. 



Anal slit: Transverse, arcuate. 



Vestiture: Entire grub with rather long scattered brown hairs. Dorsal con- 

 vexities of first six abdominal segments clothed with fine short brown spines. 



Habitat: Soil under turf. 



Remarks: The distinct V-like arrangement of short dark spines of the raster 

 are sufficient to identify this species. 



