PARASITES AND PARASITIC DISEASES OE HORSES 55 



pounds of flowers of sulfur to 100 gallons of water. The lime and 

 sulfur should be weighed and the water measured; do not trust to 

 guess work. Slake the lime in a shallow, water-tight box or tank and 

 add water enough to form a thin paste. Sift the sulfur into the paste 

 and mix well with a broad hoe until a mixture of about the consistence 

 of mortar is formed, adding water as required. Put the mixture into 

 30 gallons of boiling water, adding it slowly so as not to interrupt the 

 boiling, and boil until the sulfur disappears from the surface. The 

 boiling should be continued for from 1% to 2 hours without cessation, 

 and the mixture stirred to prevent settling and caking on the bottom. 

 When the sulfur has disappeared from the surface and the mixure 

 is of a chocolate of dark-amber color, the boiling should be discontinued. 



The contents of the boiling tank should be drawn off or dipped out 

 and placed in the settling tank and allowed to stand until all solids 

 have settled to the bottom and the liquid is clear. An ordinary water- 

 tight barrel will serve very well for a settling tank at a small vat. A 

 settling tank of any kind should have an outlet at least 4 inches from 

 the bottom in order that the clear liquid may be drawn off without 

 becoming mixed with any of the sediment. 



When the sediment has fully settled draw off the liquid into the 

 dipping vat and add warm water to make a total of 100 gallons of 

 dip. When mixed and cooked as specified above the concentrate is 

 3% times the strength required for the dip in the vat, so that to every 

 30 gallons of such concentrate 70 gallons of warm water should be 

 added to make a dip of the required strength. 



In preparing lime-sulfur dip in large quantities several hundred 

 gallons of concentrate are often made at one time in a single large 

 cooking tank. The quantity made at one boiling is limited only by the 

 facilities at hand. If the boiling tank is of sufficient capacity, a large 

 enough quantity of dip should be cooked at one time to clip the herd. 

 The quantity of mixture in the cooking tank may be varied at will, but 

 the proportions of the various ingredients should not be altered. 



NICOTINE DIPS 



The nicotine dips sold under various trade names are commonly 

 used for dipping animals and spraying plants for insect pests. They 

 are efficacious remedies for horse lice and mange when diluted with 

 water so that the solution contains not less than five one-hundredths 

 of 1 percent nicotine. If used much stronger, they are liable to injure 

 horses, especially if the animals are dipped while they are warm from 

 exercise or hot weather. 



Nicotine dips are generally used warm, but should not be heated 

 above 110° F. The temperature of the bath should be maintained at 

 90° to 95°. Sulfur is sometimes added to nicotine dips in the propor- 

 tion of 16 pounds of flowers of sulfur to 100 gallons of diluted dip. 

 The addition of sulfur increases the effectiveness of the dip for mange 

 and extends the period of protection against reinfestation. These 

 dips should be diluted and used in accordance with instructions 

 printed on the label of the container. Do not use a nicotine dip the 

 strength of which is not given on the label. 



