COLLECTING EXPEDITION TO BATANG PADANG. [!4I 
I found that a considerable portion of the flora of the 
higher mountains was continued down to quite moderate 
altitudes, but whereas on the summits of the hills it grows in 
the ground, lower down it grows on the tops of tall trees. 
In felling the jungle for the lower camp many rhododen- 
drons, nepenthes, myrtles and other plants which occur on 
the extreme summits of the hills were found. ‘This seems to 
show that temperature is not so essential to their growth as 
free exposure to the sunlight and air, and that epiphytism 
may be only an acquired habit in many and perhaps in all 
plants. 
On the 13th and 14th the house and drying stages for 
sunning the botanical specimens were finished, and collecting 
was carried on. I obtained a snake that I have not seen 
before, in the attaps of the house, with a sharp dorsal ridge and 
light red eyes; also atree frog of the same species as the one 
I collected on the Larut hills last year (Phrynella pulchra, 
Bie7s) a) Whese little creatures live in holes in trees, and at 
night make the whole jungle of the hills resound with their 
pretty flute-like notes. They are in appearance something 
like little brown bladders with four legs, the head forming 
only a slight projection between the front legs. They are 
very difficult to collect, as they refuse to quit their holes, which 
by the way are usually high up in the trees, and it was not till 
I hit on a method of expelling them that I was certain as to 
what produced the nightly chorus of musical notes. This 
method is to climb up the tree and fill the hole with water, then 
drop in some salt. In a minute or two out hops the little frog, 
and if it is well washed in fresh water it is none the worse for 
its saline bath, as I have proved by keeping several of them 
alive for some weeks afterwards to watch their habits. At the 
higher camp on Batu Puteh they are very scarce, apparently it 
is the top of the zone inhabited by them and the bottom seems 
to be reached at a little below 3,000 feet, so that it may be said 
that their range is from slightly below 3,000 feet to a little 
above 4,000 feet. Higher up the hills their place is taken by 
a species with a loud, deep, low-pitched booming but musical 
note, and lower down by a species with a note resembling that 
of the common crow, repeated twice. The lower limits of this 
