152 COLLECTING EXPEDITION TO BATANG PADANG. 
either on the range of low hills from which these streams take 
their rise or in beds of the streams themselves, so that it seems 
clear that the minerals found in the ‘‘wash”’ in these valleys 
must have been derived from these stratified formations. The 
more I see of this district, the more I feel convinced that all 
the gold has come from these rocks and that if any auriferous 
lodes are hereafter discovered, they will be found intersecting 
these ancient stratified beds. I have seen specimens from 
the gold mining district of Patani, which could not be dif- 
ferentiated from the rocks of the gold mining districts of Batang 
Padang, and I have no doubt that the same formations will be 
found in the Pahang gold fields as well. 
The grains of gold are not much waterworn, and some of 
them have adherent fragments of quartz. The tin-sand is 
coarse grained, blackish, dull and considerably rounded, and 
would give from 65 to 70 per cent. of metallic tin, according to 
to the care taken in cleaning the sample. 
After having well examined the wash and also the bed rock 
and its contained veins of quartz, and obtaining sufficient tin- 
sand to make a good sample, we returned to Tapa, reaching 
that town in one and three-quarter hours. The track is 
extremely crooked and much longer than there is any necessity 
for it to be, and I do not think that this newly found tin and 
gold land can be more than 3 or 4 miles from Tapa. 
There seems to be every reason to suppose that on both 
sides of the Batang Padang, between Tapa and Kuala Woh, 
auriferous tin mining land will be found to extend, for, as I 
have already mentioned, the geological exposures along the 
river between these two places are all of one formation and of 
that formation from which it may be with certainty said that 
the gold, at least, has been derived. 
Some time ago I made a series of experiments on some 
quartz specimens from Klian Mas, and in every case, except 
one, gold was obtained, though in unremunerative quantities 
(one to two pennyweights per ton). 
From the 16th September to the 4th of October, I remained 
at Tapa and, as many trees and plants were in flower, did a 
large amount of botanical collecting. I[ also looked over and 
