Index 



493 



Pelvic girdle, see Thigh-girdle. 



Pelvis, compared with that of reptiles, 



74; vertebra? in, 74 



Penguin, aggressive coloration in. 309, 

 310; body-leathers of, 289; eggs of, 

 435; fat of, 280; food of, 153; method 

 of fishing of, 154; moult of, 51; skin- 

 muscles in. 188; tail of Black-footed, 

 406; wing of, 321, 341, 342, 343 

 Pepper, effect on plumage of, 292 

 Petrel; body of, 286; ejecting oil from 



crop, 131 



Pickerel, aggressive coloration in, 310 

 Pigeon, Blood-breasted, 306, 308; cir- 

 culatory system of, 183; Crowned, 

 crest of, 260, 261 ; Double-crested, 270; 

 extreme development of crop of, 130; 

 gizzard of Fruit, 138; nervous system 

 of, 197; number of eggs laid by, 440; 

 symptoms of flight in, 350, 352; tail 

 of, 402; tail of Fan-tail, 404; wings 

 and breast-muscles of, 190; wing- 

 feather of, 35; X-ray photograph 

 of, 63 



Pigment, colour caused by, 54, 55 

 Pipit, effect of climate on, 295, 296; 



foot of, 367, 368 



Phalarope, feet of, 384 



Pheasant, Argus, colour pattern of, 58; 



Eared, head of, 267, 268; feet of, 380; 



flight of, 323, 324; number of eggs 



laid by Peacock, 440; ruff of Lady 



Amherst, 277, 278; spurs of Peacock, 



383; tail of Peacock, 419, 420; 



tail of Reeves, 416, 418; wing of, 327 



Phororachus, skull of, 16; structure of, 



13, 14 



Plantain-eater, green pigment in, 55 

 Ploughshare-bone, 400, 402, 403 

 Plover, Crook-billed, 240, 241; feet of, 

 384; nest and eggs of Killdeer, 431, 

 432 



Pollen, used as food, 144, 145 

 Powder-down, 38; of Great White Heron, 



3? 



Prairie hen, use of air-sacs in, 117 



Precocial nestling, 30 



Precoracoid in embryo, 475 



Primaries, moult of, in Bob- white, 43; 

 English Sparrow, 46; Mallard, 47; 

 Robin, 43 



Primaries, of Albatross, 320, 321, 325; 

 Cassowary, 321, 337, 338; Hum- 

 mingbird, 320, 321, 325; Ostriches, 

 321; Penguins, 321 ^ 



Protective coloration, in Brown Creeper, 



303, 304; Flickers, 302, 303, 304; 

 Ivory Gull, 309, 311; Laughing Gull, 



304, 306; Motmot, 303; Nighthawk, 

 296, 301; Ostrich, 306, 307; Ptar- 



migan, 298, 300, 309; Quail, 299, 



300; Sandpipers, 299; Sparrows, 299; 



Black-necked Swan, 305, 306; Sooty 



Tern, 300, 303; Thayer's experiments 



in, 299; of eggs, 446-459 

 Proventriculus, 135 

 Ptarmigan, feet of, 381; food of, 144; 



moult of, 48, 50, 51, 52; protective 



coloration in, 298, 300, 309 

 Pterodactyls, 2, 9; weight of, 285 

 Pterylosis, 39, 40; of nestling Crow, 39 

 Pubis, 89, 90; in embryo bird, 90 

 Purlin, iris of eye of, 256 



Q 



Quadrate, 109, 110; in reptiles, 111 

 Quail, feet of, 380; protective colora- 

 tion in, 299, 300 

 Quezal, sham tail of, 421, 422 



R 



Rabbit, tail of, 413 



Radius, 92 



Ratitae, 82 



Raven, bill of American, 225: feeding 



on ostrich-eggs, 158; foot of, 356 

 Redstart, life-habits of, 363, 364 

 Reptiles, causes of colour in, 56; eggs 



of, 428, 429; trachea of, 169 

 Respiration of embryo chick, 476 

 Rhea, number of eggs laid by, 433 

 Rhinoceros-bird, foot of, 357 

 Ribs, 77-79; abdominal, of Archaeop- 



teryx and of reptiles, 79; embryo, 



473, 474; function of, 77 79; 



Hatteria Lizard, 77; Screamer, 77; 



significance of numerous, 78 

 Road-runner, food of, 157; foot of, 



373; tail of, 413 

 Robin, glottis of nestling, 166; moult 



of, 43; .spots in young, 316, 317 

 Rock-jumper, body-feathers of, 288; 



feet of, 393 

 Ruff of, Lady Amherst Pheasant, 277, 



278; Ruff, 277, 279, 280; Ruffed 



Grouse, 277; Superb Bird of Paradise, 



277 

 Ruff, feather cloak of, 277, 279, 280 



Salivary glands, original function of, 

 117, 118; in Swiftlets, 119; Swifts, 

 119; Woodpeckers, 118 



Salmon, eggs of, 427 



Sandgrouse, feet of, 383 



Sandpipers, protective coloration in, 

 299; semipalmated, feet of, 384 



