¢138a. 
* +139. 
74 
rufous, breast varied with creamy buff and 
throat streaked with brown; belly not 
obviously barred in adult. Immature 
whitish below, streaked on chest and barred 
or blotched on belly with rufous to dark 
brown ; tail ashy-brown, more or less 
washed with rufous and with 9 or 10 
blackish bars. 
Buteo vulpinus intermedius Menzbier, Orn. 
Turkestan, p. 197 (1888). [West of Russia.] 
Rufous Buzzard. 
[ =B. zimmermanne Ehmeke.]} 
Size similar to Bb. vulpinus vulpinus but 
always smaller than B. buteo buteo; wing 
6 350-82, 2 366-93; first 4 primaries 
notched exactly as in B. vulpinus ; above 
similar, but tail always barred (8-9 bars), the 
interspaces either bright ferruginous red, or 
strongly washed with the same; below 
more heavily marked than in B. buteo buteo ; 
breast, abdomen and under tail coverts 
heavily barred transversely with rufous 
brown. Young: less rufous ; tail ashy 
grey, more or less washed with rufous and 
with dark bars; below more striped and 
blotched instead of barred (scarcely dis- 
tinguishable from young of Bb. vulpinus 
vulpinus). 
Buteo ferox ferox (S. G. Gmel.), N. Comm. 
Acad. Petrop. xv., 1770, p. 442, pl. x. 
(1771). [Astrakan.| 
Long-legged Buzzard. 
Much larger: wing 9g 410-445, tail 265, 
tarsus 96 mm., 2 wing 455-482 mm. ; breast 
buffish to pale rufous with dark shaft 
streaks ; abdomen, flanks and thighs rufous 
to chocolate brown, unbarred; tail pale 
E. Prussia to 
Esthonia, and 
Finland (except 
N. & W); 
Russia, N. to 
Archangel, S. to 
Central and 
S.W. Russia, W. 
to Roumania 
and Bulgaria ; 
cas. in W. 
Europe. 
S.E. Europe 
(cas. S. & W. 
Europe), Egypt, 
Arabia, Asia 
Minor, W. &C. 
Asia and 
Himalayas ; in 
winter S. to 
N.W. India and 
Sudan. 
