277. 
278. 
176 
dark bars, conspicuous on whitish under- 
side ; upper tail-coverts barred and tipped 
with white ; tail paler brown, tipped with 
white, and with 3 dark bands; below 
white, with brown streaks on throat, large 
blotches on breast and smaller spots on 
flanks and abdomen; @ larger and with 
much less grey on head and more barred 
below. Immature: head dark brown, 
rufous on sides and hind neck; tail more 
banded ; below rufous brown, with distinct 
black shaft-streaks; later under parts 
become barred with white. Black varie- 
ties (nearly uniform sooty brown) occur. 
Pernis orientalis Tacz. Faune Orn. Sib. Or., 
i., p. 50 (in Mem. Ac. St. Petersb., xxxix., 
1891) [£. Siberia, type in Warsaw Mus.] 
Siberian Honey Buzzard. 
Larger ; wing ¢ 450, 2 475 mm. ; head, 
nape and band round lower throat black, 
the nape mottled with white bases to all 
the feathers. 
Pernis cristatus cristatus (Vieill.), Tabl. Enc. 
Meth. Orn., p. 1225 (1823). [Java, type in 
Paris Mus.] [ =P. ptilonorhynchus.] 
Crested Pern. 
Slightly smaller ; wing (Java) g 437 mm. ; 
crest of long feathers (77 mm.) ; general 
colour deep chocolate brown, a little barred 
with white on belly and thighs ; crown and 
long crest (77 mm.) black ; sides of head 
and upper throat grey and scaly-looking ; 
lower throat black; tail with very broad 
central band of pale ashy brown and broad 
terminal and less broad sub-basal black 
bands, the base brown mottled with ashy 
and white. Immature: buffish to white 
below, with broader shaft-stripes. 
E. Siberia 
(Lake Baikal, 
Ussuri River, 
Askold I.) ; 
in winter to 
S. China. 
Java ; Borneo ; 
Philippines. 
