KONGL. SV. VET. AKADEMIENS HANDLINGAR. BAND. 20. N:o 5. 29 
Medium. Maximum, Minimum. 
Temperature of the water at the surface............ + 3,3 + 5,2 + 1,5 
» at the depth of 16—280 fathoms — 0,9 + 1,9 — 3,2") 
According to observations by the same expedition at Musselbay on the north coast 
of Spitzbergen, the temperature of the sea at the end of September and during the 
whole of October was about —1,°0, during November from — 0°,5 to 1°,v, and varied 
during December to April between — 1°,5 and — 1°,s, rising a very little during the 
few days when the sea was free of ice. It never rose durin 
more than — 1°,0 C. 2). 
In the eastern part of the Murman Sea along the west coast of southern Novaya 
g the period mentioned to 
Zemlya and Waygats, the Swedish expedition 1875 found the temperature of the water 
at the surface of the sea to be: 
Medium. Maximum. Minimum. 
During June (22—30) ..................- + 1,31 + 2,4 + 0,0. 
» NOIRE ae! Neale aut § Semen ives + 4,33 + &8 + 0,6. 3) 
With increase of depth the degree of warmth diminishes, as is shown for instance by 
the following researches off the west coast of Novaya Zemlya Lat. 72°43’ N. Long. 52° 0' E. 
Temperature at 0 fathoms....................... + 0°,6 C, 
» » 10 hi ee ek Hak - —1°,4 » 
» » 20 age ee es a est ee ee —1°9 » 
» » 380 pak 5 ee —1°7 » *) 
The Swedish expedition 1875 found the mean temperature of the water at the 
surface in the western part of the Kara Sea during 2—3, 24—31 August and 1—2 
September to amount to + 3,17 °). 
That the warmth of the water even here decreases towards the depth, is shown 
by the following observations from different parts of the sea between Novaya Zemlya 
and the mouth of the Yenissei. 
1. West of Yalmal Lat. 72°19' N. and Long. 18° 40' E. August 8:th. 
Temperature of the water at 0 fathoms.... 4 5°,2 C. 
» » ae. » eS EES) 
» » » 8 » ree 2 er Ob) 
y » » 5 » ees 1°.5 » 
» » » § »  _.. +0°,0 » (near the bottom). 
2. Lat. 73°30’ N., Long. 69° E. August 9:th. 
Temperature of the water at 0 fathoms... + 7°,8 C. 
» » y 2 » ae, 7°,0 » 
» » » 4 » + 0°,6 » 
» » ae} »  ... 19,0 » (near the bottom). 
') Norpenski0Lv. Préven, p. 109. 
”) See Kyetiman, Vinteralgveg. p. 62—63. 
3) Cp. NorpeEnskI6Lp, Proven, p. 92—98. 
*) NorDENSKIOLD, Proven, p. 106. 
°) Cp. Norpenskr10Lp, Préyen, p. 99—103. 
