88. KJELLMAN, THE ALGH OF THE ARCTIC SBA. 
Geographical distribution. It belongs properly to that region of the Arctic Sea 
which lies within the northern limits of the Atlantic, but it is known also from the 
White Sea and the western part of the Murman Sea. Its northernmost locality is Gjesver 
near North Cape about Lat. N. 71°. It attains its maximum of number of individuals 
in the southern part of the Norwegian Polar Sea. In Ill. Alg. p. IL. the species is said 
to have been found at Novaya Zemlya by K. v. Baur. Not having seen it there my- 
self, and Goxr, who has examined the Russian collections of alex, not reporting it from 
that locality, I suppose this statement to have arisen from some mistake. ARESCHOUG 
in J. G. Ag. Spec. Alg. If. p. 785 mentions the species as occurring »ad oras maris 
glacialis cum lapponicas tum sibiricas», The latter region ought surely to be excluded. 
I could not detect any trace of it along the coast of Siberia. There are no sure state- 
ments about the occurrence of the species in other parts of the Arctic Sea ‘). 
Localities: The Norwegian Polar Sea; Nordlanden, f. typica, common and plentiful; 
Finmarken, local and scarce at Oxfjord, (f. robusta), Maasé and Gjesveer, (/. fleailis), the 
south coast of Mageré, (f. typica). 
The White Sea, probably rare and scarce. 
The Murman Sea on the coast of Cisuralian Samoyede-land, (f. fleailis?). 
Gen. Lithothamnion Phil. 
Wiegm. Arch. I. op. 387. 
Lithothamnion soriferum nob. 
L. fronde pilam in fundo liberam jacentem, sphericam vel subsphericam, diametro usque 8 cm., colore 
yoseo-purpuream formante, decomposito-subdichotome ramosissima; ramis e centro solido, exiguo, undique egre- 
dientibus, vel omnino liberis vel in planta adulta inferne plus minus coalitis, teretibus vel subcompressis, levibus, 
extremis elongatis, wqualibus vel apicem versus subattenuatis, apicibus rotundatis; conceptaculis sporangiferis 
superficialibus, numquam innatis, minutis, convexiusculis at parum prominentibus, infra apices ramulorum re- 
giones fere definitas occupantibus, perpaucis vel numerosis; sporangiis quaternas sporas foventibus, 95 a. longis, 
20 uw. crassis. Tab. 1. 
Syn. Lithothamnion fasciculatum Kieen, Nordl. Alg. p. 11. 
Description. The frond forms rather regularly spherical masses, that attain even 
8 cm. in diameter, with a strong colour, between purplish and rosy. I have examined 
a great many specimens, but I have not found any one that had developed itself on 
or around a stone or any other hard object. The solid central mass both in young 
individuals, pl. I. fig. 1, 2, 8, 5, and in older fully developed ones fig. 4, is insignificant, 
which shows that ramification sets in at the very earliest stage of growth. The frond 
is repeatedly subdichotomously branched, with axes of at least three orders. The branch- 
systems issue in all directions from the centre of the frond, and can be followed in 
their whole length, although they are more or less anastomosing below. This anasto- 
mose has taken place during the growth of the plant. The branch-systems, some diffe- 
1) For further particulars on the distribution of the species the reader is here as well as below referred to 
the works of the authors quoted under each species in the list of synonyms, 
