108 KJELLMAN, THE ALG OF THE ARCTIC SEA. 
f. cladostephus J. G. Ac. (KoELtn.) 
Spetsb. Thall. 1, p. 8; Rhodomela cladostephus J. G. Ac. Spetsb. Alg. Till. p. 48. 
a. densa nob. 
Descr. Aphanarthron cladostephus J. G. Ac. Spetsb. Alg. Bidr. p. 8—9. 
Fig. » » » » » treeee 
(. distans nob. 
f. quam prior laxius ramosa, ramulis longioribus, magis distantibus. 
f. setacea nob. 
f. fronde usque 15 cm. alta, fusco-purpurea, siccata subfusca; axi primario plus minus distincto, setaceo, 
ramos breves nonnullos, basi subattenuatos, subfaleatos et longiores vel simplices vel apice parce vel decompo- 
sito subcorymboso-ramulosos ramulis longioribus emittente. Tab. 9, fig. 3. 
Description. As far as I know, this plant attains no more than 15 cm. in height, 
most often less. Its main axis is scarcely thicker than a bristle, of a dark red-brown colour, 
which in drying grows brownish with a darkish tint. It is brittle, and the younger branches 
become flattened in drying. It is nearly corymbose in circumference. The main axis, 
issuing from a callus radicalis, can sometimes be traced throughout the whole frond, 
sometimes only a bit upwards, the latter condition of the plant being caused by one 
branch-system or some branch-systems being developed above their branching-point as 
strongly as the main axis. The elements of ramification are 1:o) short branches more 
or less sickle-shapedly incurved, tapering towards the base and the tip; these are few 
in number; 2:0) simple, slenderly spindleshaped-cylindrical branches; 3:0) long branch- 
systems whose main axis is most often unbranched in the greater part of its length, 
bearing only towards the top some short, racemosely arranged, simple or scantily 
branched secondary. axes, and 4:0) long, profusely branched, fastigiatedly developed 
branch-systems, composed of elements 2 and 3. These elements are more or less com- 
bined into denser or thinner, fastigiatedly developed branch-systems of higher orders. 
Reproductive organs are unknown, but it seems as if the axes of the last order and 
the last order but one should produce tetrasporangia near their tops. In structure the 
present form differs but little, at least when older, from the typical Ah. lycopodioides. 
f. flagellaris nob. 
f. quam prior parcius ramosa, ramis longioribus. Tab. 10, fig. 1—2. 
Description. The plant reminds one much of the preceding one and, no doubt, 
stands near this. It is less tinged with brown and retains its red colour in drying. 
The mode of ramification is the same as in the preceding form, the difference consisting 
in the branching of f. flagellaris being less decompound than in f. setacea. The peculiar 
aspect of the present form, is principally effected by the long branches of the last 
order. In structure it approaches nearly to other forms, especially when these are 
younger (fig. 1—2). 
