226 A. G. HAMILTON. 
muricatus and Fool’s parsley on the river banks at Mudgee. The 
following year they had reached Cullenbone, and the next year had 
got as far as Guntawang, a distance of seventeen miles by road 
but at least twenty-five or thirty by the river. A curious instance 
of the spread of a plant from one locality to another was afforded 
me in 1886 and 1887. During a journey from Guntawang to 
Wellington, a distance of forty-two miles, I noticed at Wellington, 
on the river banks, great quantities of Cassia sophora. At that 
time none of the plant was found in the Mudgee District, but in 
the same year a mail coach commenced running from Wellington 7 
to Gulgong passing through Guntawang. The following year, 
two plants of the Cassia appeared at Guntawang, and soon after 
“it began to be common in the district. The Rev. Dr. Woolls, at 
a meeting of the Linnean Society of N.S. Wales, in September 1890 
exhibited plants of Calotes scapigera and C’. hisprdula from Concord 
and Burwood. These are strictly denizens of the interior and were 
probably brought down by sheep travelling to the sale yards. 
Indeed I feel pretty sure that an examination in the neighbour- 
hood of the Homebush sale yards would show that many western 
plants are brought down by the sheep, ete. In collecting intro- 
‘duced plants, I have always been most successful by roadsides, 
riverbanks, and railway enclosures, and there can be no doubt 
but that they are the principal lines of travel for these plants. 
The plants which have edible fruits containing indigestible seeds 
are for the most part dispersed by birds and mammals which eat 
the fruit and void the seeds in new localities. In this way passion 
fruit, blackberries, Phytolacca, tomatoes, solanums, cape goose- 
berries, and many others are distributed. 
It is a significant fact that horehound—Marrubrium—is always 
plentiful in the vicinity of a sheep station. Two other plants 
commonly found in the same situations are the introduced nettles, 
Urtica wrens and U, dioica, whether from the plants being eaten 
by the sheep and the undigested seeds voided, or because that in 
sheep-manured land they find a congenial soil, I am unable to 
say. 
