316 H. C. RUSSELL. 
and I have before traced one over the same part of the colony, 
the rate being fifty-seven miles per hour, but we have not traced 
a sufficient number to determine an average rate. 
As to the velocity of the wind along the line of damage in these 
storms, we have no actual anemometer results, so far we have not 
had one which passed over one of the anemometers, but judging 
from the damage done to large and solid trees, two and even three 
feet in diameter, it cannot I think be less than one hundred and 
forty or one hundred and fifty miles per hour. 
We may now turn to the storms in the Narrabri district (see 
Plate xv1.). The storm reached Narrabri at 6:15 p.m., and the 
postmaster reports that the storm which approached Narrabri from 
North-west was accompanied by thunder and lightning, but no hail. 
The wind however seems to have been of hurricane violence, trees 
two feet in diameter were torn up by the roots, limbs twelve 
inches through were snapped off short, a brick factory completely 
ruined, roofs, sign-boards, and everything that the wind could 
move went flying ; in the tanguage of the local newspaper, “ sub- 
stantial brick buildings came tumbling in all directions, the air 
was full of iron tubs, galvanized iron, and tins of every description.” 
In the district south of Narrabri the storm was even more 
severe. At Tulcumbah Station fifty-seven miles south-east from 
Narrabri, at 8 p.m. on October 13th, a violent thunder and hail 
storm broke over the homestead. It lasted half an hour, and Mr. 
A. D. Griffiths, my informant and manager of the station, says, 
*“¢T measured some of the hail stones, six and a-half inches in cir- 
cumference, this was fifteen or twenty minutes after the storm, 
and I think I did not get the largest. Next morning I found 
that nineteen sheep had been killed by the hail, also birds, 
kangaroo-rats, and other animals were found lying dead in all 
directions. All the windows exposed to the storm were broken, 
and the galvanized iron roofing is dented from end to end and 
many sheets cut through: in several cases the hail stones went 
through the iron, in one sheet I found thirty holes and in another 
more than sixty. The bark of the trees in the storm track was all 
