362 JOHN FRASER. 
not Mongolian, and many of the names for simple ideas, essential 
to a language, are purely Indian. 
On the evidence of language, therefore, I have come to be of 
opinion that, before the Malays, there was in the whole Archi- 
pelago a then dominant race of fair-skinned, narrow-nosed Cau- 
casians, whom the Malays found there, and whose language, to 
some extent, they adopted. 
(2.) The Asiatic origin of the Oceanic Numerals. 
By the Rev. D. Macponatp, m.a., Havannah Harbour, 
New Hebrides. 
It is now sufficiently well-known what is meant when we speak 
of Oceanic numerals, but samples of them are here given from 
four widely separated parts of the Island world, viz., the New 
Hebrides, Samoa, Java, and Madagascar :— 
English. Mallicolo. Santo. Samoa. Java. Madagascar. 
One te tewa, tea _—tasi sa isa, 
Two rua rua lua loro, roro. rua 
Three til tulu tolu talu telu 
four fat vate fa papat efatra 
Live limi lima lima lima - dimy 
Six kon ono ono nanam enina 
Seven uontit pitu fitu pitu fitu 
Light koal olu valu wolu valu 
Nine khhhepi __tsiwo iva sanga Sivy 
Ten hhangatil sunuvulu = sefulu—_ puluh fulu 
Thousand ruwun afe ewu arivu 
To those familiar with the general aspect of the Oceanic numerals 
in many dialects, it will not be necessary to adduce instances to 
show that it is impossible to tell from these languages themselves 
whether ¢, d, or s was the original consonant of the numeral ‘one’ 
in the mother tongue, as we have such forms as do, dua, arsa, erda, 
aida, ite, isa, sa, te, in different dialects, Malay asa, sa. We 
may gather that in the original word there was something before 
that consonant, not a mere prefix, but a radical part of the word. 
