SARAWAK ETHNOGRAPHICAL COLLECTION 13 



of the stem is actually formed from the bill of a hornbill glued 

 on to the stem, and is not a carved representation of a hornbill's 

 head as in the Maloh specimen described above. 



Hose and McDougall, in a paper — " The Relations between 

 Men and Animals in Sarawak" (Journ. Anthrop. Institute. Vol. 

 XXXI, 1901. p. 198) write: -"The hornbill must be included 

 among the sacred birds of thelban (i.e. Sea- Dyaks), although it does 

 not give omens. On the occasion of making peace between hostile 

 tribes, the Ibans sometimes make a large wooden image of the 

 hornbill and hang great numbers of cigarettes on it. and these 

 are taken from it during the ceremony and smoked by all the 

 men taking part in it." Smaller figures of the hornbill {Penchal- 

 long — Bnceros rhinoceros) are suspended in Sea-Dyak houses 

 during harvest feasts and food is either put into the mouths 

 of the figures or else hung beneath them, (cf. Ling-Roth 1. c. 

 Vol. I, p. 256). There are several examples of these Penchallong 

 in the Sarawak Museum ; the birds are invariably represented 

 as holding one or more seeds in their beaks. Amongst the 

 Kenyans the hornbill Anorrliinus comatus gives omens of 

 minor importance. It is not surprising that so important a bird 

 should figure in the decorative art of the Borneans. 



b. Sea-Dyak — Blihan. Very similar to the preceding speci- 

 men, but roughly made and undecorated with carving or paint. 

 The shape of the head suggests that it was intended eventually 

 to carve it into a representation of a hornbill's head. 



Total length, 79 cm. Length of stem, 52 cm. 



Catalogue Xo. 1341. D. J. S. Bailey, Esq. [P. 25. viij. 03]. 

 From the Batang Lupar. 



It is highly probable that the Sea-Dyaks borrowed this 

 instrument and its name from the Malohs : some of them at 

 any rate assert so much. 



5. Malay — Gambits* six-stringed mandolin. (Plate II, fig. 5). 



The instrument is cut out from a block of mirabou {Afzelia 

 bijuga) wood and is shaped like the European mandolin, i.e. the 

 stem passes insensibly into the resonator and the shape of the 

 instrument is that of a pear longitudinally bisected. Both the 

 stem and the resonator are hollowed out from the front ; the 



K. A. Soc, No. 40, 1904 



