20 SARAWAK ETHNOGRAPHICAL COLLECTION. 



strips (1 cm.) are cut out from the body of the instrument on 

 one side but are left attached at each end and are prevented 

 from stripping off by bindings of rattan. The central strip is 

 bridged up with a block of wood in the middle and emits a high 

 note ; the side strips are bridged up at their ends and give a 

 much lower note ; under each side strip a diamond shaped hole 

 is cut in the body of the instrument. A short stick for striking 

 the strings is attached by string to the harp. Length 69 cm. ; 

 diam. 7.8 cm. 



Catalogue No. 1295. [Pd. viij. 03.] From Piching. Upper 

 Sadong. 



b. A specimen entirely similar to the preceding. Length 

 67 cm. ; diam. 9 cm. 



Catalogue No. 1296. [Pd. viij. 03.] 



WIND INSTRUMENTS. 



The wind instruments used by the tribes of Borneo may be 

 grouped as follows* : — 



A. — Without special vibratory apparatus. 



I. Shell-trumpet. 



* In any wind instrument sound is produced by causing the column 

 of air contained in it to vibrate, and the instruments have been class- 

 ified according to the means employed to produce this vibration. 

 An outline of such a classification will help to elucidate that which 

 I have adopted for the wind instruments of the Bornean peoples. 



1. Trumpets — in these air is driven forcibly into the instrument 

 through the almost closed lips of the player, the lips vibrating act as a 

 partial valve and the air enters the instrument in a pulsatory manner. 



2. Flutes, pan-pipes, flageolets, whistles, etc. In instruments of 

 this class a jet of air is directed against the edge of the sound hole 

 (technically known as the "voice") and so is cut in two, causing an 

 interference which sets the air in the instrument vibrating and 

 produces a musical note. 



a. Transverse flutes — in which a jet of air is directed by the 



lips against the edge of the " voice. " 



b. End-flutes, pan-pipes — in which the jet of air is directed 



by the iips across the open end of a tube so as to 

 impinge against the edge. 



Jour, Straits Branch 



