SARAWAK ETHNOGRAPHICAL COLLECTION. 21 



II. Transverse flutes.* 



III. Nose flutes. 



IV. Flageolets and bird-calls with a directive duct built 



up outside the instrument. 



V. Flageolets and whistles with a directive duct formed 



inside the instrument. 



B. With special vibratory apparatus. 



VI. Pipes with single " beating " reed (clarionet type). 



VII. Mouth organs with single " free " reed (harmonium 



type), 



Class I.— Shell-Trumpet. 



Some Brunei Malays recently informed me chat a trumpet, 

 made by merely knocking off the top whorl of the large 

 helmet-shell — Cassis tuberosum — , is used by them for calling 

 their buffaloes together; their name for the trumpet was 

 " buyongT I can hear of no other people in Borneo who 

 employ a similar instrument. 



Class II.— Transverse Flutes. 



I know of only one example of this type of wind-instrument, 

 the sulieng san of the Sea-Dyaks ; it is more difficult to play than 



c. Whistles — in which the jet of air is directed against the 



edge' of the " voice " through a duct built on the out- 

 side of the tube. 



d. Flageolets, whistles, etc. (flute a bee group) in which the 



jet of air is directed against the edge of the "voice" 

 through a duct formed inside the tube. 

 3. Reed instruments. 



a. Clarionet, recorder, etc, with single vibrating reed ("beat- 



ing reed.") 



b. Accordion, harmonium, etc. — with single reed vibrating 



equally on either side of a frame (" free reed.") 



c. Oboe, bassoon, etc. — with double valve both sides of which 



are flexible (" oboe reed.") 

 (There are of course many variants of these main types.) 

 * Classes II — VI are all bamboo instruments. 

 K, A. Soc, No. 40, 1904. 



