THE PIGMIES. 105 



reader to the most recent works on New Guinea, which has been 

 a common centre of habitation to both types, who have there been 

 able to develope themselves freely up to the present time. ( x ) 



The Negritos proper are much better known than the Papuan- 

 Negritos. In the middle ages, the Arabs, and no doubt the Chinese 

 before them, knew that the Andaman Islands were inhabited by 

 black and crisped-haired people. ( 2 ) When the Spaniards first came 

 to the Philippines, they found there a population of Aetas, whom 

 we know to be of the same race as the Mincopies. ( 3 ) Since that 

 time, as we have become better acquainted with the Malay islands 

 and the two Indian Archipelagos, we have seen that the localities, 

 inhabited by these diminutive negroes, were more extensive and 

 numerous than we had thought at first, and. having acquired every 

 accurate information, we now find it possible to form a general 

 opinion as to the race and the differences existing between the 



most distant tribes. 



stature to that degree. This association of clolicocephalism and small stature 

 is an example of the juxtaposition of characters on which I have often dwelt in 

 a general manner, and which M. Moxtaxo has himself verified among the half- 

 bred Negritos. ( 'Anthropological Notes on New Guinea by Dr. Comeie — The 

 Journal of the Anthropological Institute, vol. VI, p. 102.) 



(i)I would first recommend the travels of M. d Albeetts here above-men- 

 tioned, and those of M. G-iglioli who, though he did not actually visit 

 New Guinea, has gathered most interesting information on the specimens he 

 met in different places, and imparted it to Beccaex. A summary of all the 

 knowledge we have regarding these people, has been published by Count 

 Meyxebs d'Bsteey {La Papouasie on Nouvelle-Guinee Occidental ) . I will 

 also refer to the two memoirs of M. Maxtegazza: Studi antropologici eel 

 etnografici sulla JYn ova- Guinea (Archivio per V Antropologia e la Etnologia 



— 1877, VII) and Novi Studi Craniologici sula Nuova- Guinea (Archivio 



vol. XI, 1881 ). In his first paper, M. Maxtegazza upheld the ethnological 

 unity of all the New G-uinea Negroes. Since then, he has been brought 

 over to believe in the dualism of these races from the simple inspection of 

 the skulls collected by M. d'AlbertiS, and he has imparted his ideas 

 to us in a paper addressed to the Anthropological Society of Paris (Bulletins, 

 Sine Serie, vol. Ill, p. 211 ). Another paper by Mr. Lawes is also most 

 instructive on the subject. 



(3) Soleymax's accounts gathered by Abou-Ze yd- Assam (Relation des 

 Voyages faits par les Arahes et les Persans dans Vlndeet la Chine, dans le IXme 

 Steele de V Ere Chreticnne — Texte arabe par LAXGLES, 1881 ; traduction et 

 eclair cissements par Beyxaud, 1819.) 



(3) This name, given to the Andamanese, has caused many interpretations 

 to be made. I gave an explanation of it a long time back. Lieutenant 

 Colebrooke*s vocabulary tolls U3 that the natives call their own country 

 Mincopie. It is obvious that it got applied also to the inhabitants ( On the 

 Andaman Islands — by Dr. B. II. Colebeooke ; Asiatic Researches, vol. IV, 

 1 799, p. 385, alluded to in my paper on the Mincopies, 



