ON THE PATANI 



HE Patani river takes its rise in the same mountains from 

 l «3 which fall the northern tributaries of the Perak. about 

 5.35 north latitude. 



The Perak, fed by the watershed from the western slopes on the 

 ranges which divide Kelantan and the Patani provinces from Perak 

 and Kedah, flows southerly ; whilst the Patani, draining the eastern 

 flank of a small section of the northern extremity of these ranges, 

 takes a northerly course and falls into the Grulf of Siam in lati- 

 tude 6.55 north. 



Patani was formerly a rather extensive country, but after being 

 subdued by the Siamese, it was subdivided into minor provinces, 

 probably with the view of weakening its power of resistance by 

 destroying its solidarity ; and the whole of these minor provinces, 

 along with a number of others in Siamese Malaya, were put under 

 the jurisdiction of Singora, or Songkra, which is the largest and 

 most important of the Siamese Malayan States. 



The provinces through which the Patani river flows (beginning 

 at its source) are Raman, Jalor, Nunchit, or Nuchi, and Patani, the 

 last embracing country on both sides of the river at the Kuala ; 

 the largest of these provinces is Raman, and the smallest Patani, 

 and each has a Raja of its own who is directly responsible to the 

 Chow Kun of Singora. 



The bay of Patani is formed by the projection of a narrow 

 strip of land about seven or eight miles in length which, connected 

 with the mainland to the eastward, bends round to the north-west 

 in the form of a horn or segment of a circle and protects the 

 roadstead ; so that vessels can at most seasons ride in safety ; the 

 western extremity of this projection is called Cape Patani.'' 



The Patani has an extensive delta which has not yet been tho- 

 roughly explored, and which is intersected by numerous creeks. 



