ON THE PATANI. 135 



Imagine the time one of these cascades must have taken to accu- 

 mulate, and yet, as compared with the rocks themselves, they are 

 but things of yesterday. In one cave on Penyu there is a very 

 fine specimen of this kind ; it is semicircular and about fifteen feet 

 high, the fall is symmetrical and the resemblance to a cascade 

 complete, 



In Tilowaya Jalor, the river Grorah runs right through part of 

 one of the loftiest limestone mountains in the country, it seems to 

 take a corner of the mountain and flows through a long succession 

 of caves. I followed it from one end to the other, here and there 

 there were smaller passages, which again opened out into wide 

 caverns alive with bats ; it has a peculiar weird sensation this wan- 

 dering through long galleries of gloom with the rippling and splash- 

 ing of water for ever sounding in the ear and echoed and re-echoed 

 from the vaulted ceilings of the caverns in a never ceasing swish I 

 swish ! sivish ! which is both monotonous and eerie, whilst the air is 

 permeated with the all pervading and though muffled yet powerful 

 sound produced by the flutter of untold myriads of wings. 



There is one striking and suggestive phenomenon in connection 

 with all these limestone cliffs ; they all bear the indisputable marks 

 of the action of water from the extreme summit to the base, there 

 are innumerable round and deep holes smooth and symmetrical as 

 if worn out by the eddying of the softer element, there are ripple 

 marks and smooth hollow grooves and these are not at any great 

 distances from each other, but are met with at every step, they are 

 not peculiar to one range alone, but are found on all, and indicate a 

 general submergence and a very slow and gradual rise, or vice 

 ■versa. I am inclined -to ascribe these phenomena to the action of 

 the sea and not to that of stream or lake. There are frequent 

 instances of large rocks more or less p^^ramidal in form, rounded 

 at the angles and each face smooth and slightly concave just such 

 an effect as the action of the tides would produce ; in the caves, 

 and overhanging ledges the roofs are worn in long and wide smooth 

 grooves as if from the constant lapping of the waves, and there are 

 rounded protruding benches evidently proceeding from the same 

 cause, these cannot be ascribed to foldings of the strata as is the 

 case in some parts of North Devon. Here in Patani the limestone 



