174 THE FLORA OF SINGAPORE. 



{Avevga sacchcm'fera Lalill. " Kabong," Sugar palm, is com- 

 monly cultivated. ) 



Cqrifota mitis Lour. " Tukus." Common in woods, Grange Road, 

 Bukit Timah. 



Omnia macroclaclus Mart. <• Ebol." A noble palm about. 40 feet 

 ■tall. Kare in Singapore. Some trees at Chan Chu Kang. 

 More abundant in Pulau Ubin. 



A r ipa fruficans Wurmb. " Nipah." Common in tidal mud, all 

 round Singapore. 1 have found fruits of this in the 

 swampy ground of the Botanic Gardens near Cluny road, 

 showing that the Bukit Timah stream was formerly tidal 

 and salt as far inland as this. 



Phoenix sp. A few plants of a wild date occur scattered about 

 round Singapore, at Toas and elsewhere, but I have never 

 been able to get fruits or flowers. 



LicuaJa ferrujinea Becc. " Pa las.'-' A stem-less palm with 

 orange colored flowers and pink fruits. Common in jun- 

 gle, Garden jungle, Bukit Timah, Chan Chu Kang. 



L. triphijlla Griff. A very pretty dwarf species, local, thick 

 woods, Changi. 



L. spinosa Wurmb. Woods, Pulau Ubin. 



L. ac ulifida Mart. "Singapore Lobb"; evidently an error for 

 Penang. 



Licistona Kingiona Becc. A tall palm about 40 feet or more with 

 large fan shaped leaves. Dense woods, Choa Chu Kang, 

 Toas, Kranji. 



Calamus. The Rotans so extensively exported from Singapore 

 belong to the genera Calamus, Dcemonorops, Korthalsia, 

 CeratoloLus and Myrialepis. They inhabit dense forests 

 climbing to the tops of trees by the aid of their thorny 

 flagella or whips. These flagella are used to protect 

 fruit-trees from bats, the natives attaching them to the 

 branches and bunches of fruits in such a way that the bats 

 tear their wings when they fly to the tree. 



