DAMMAR AND WOOD OIL. 91 



in large masses in the ground, evidently originally exuded into 

 the hollow of a tree and perhaps taking- its brown colour from 

 this method of production. 



Damar Mata Rucking. Cat's-eye dammar appears as pale 

 yellow or nearly white, quite transparent, glassy tears. It is 

 the most valued of the local kinds. A number of trees are said 

 to produce this Dammar, among them Hopea globosa Brandis, 

 Hopea intermedia. King, and H. micrantha Hook. f. (Trans. Linn. 

 Soc. XXIII. 160) also Pachynocarpus Wallichii. 



Damar Rambei Daun. A transparent yellow Dammar, 

 browner in the middle, occurs in a stalactitic form, and is produc- 

 ed by Shorea acuminata Dyer. 



Damar Chingal is from Shorea bracteolata, Dyer. 



Merawan Jangkar, Merawan jalor, Merawan Kunyit are 

 doubtless produced by species of Hopea. 



Damar Mersawa hitam, by Anisoptera glabra, Kurz. 

 Damar Mersawa putih probably by A. costata, Korth. 



The seag reen dammar from Johor I have already described. 

 Another unidentified kind I have met with, had been exuded 

 from the stump of a large tree which had been felled in the 

 Carimon islands. It formed an opaque bright yellow mass of 

 the appearance of bee's wax. I was informed that the tree was 

 a Keruing (Dipterocarpus), but I could not verify this. 



Besides the Dipterocarpus resins, there are some kinds which 

 belong to very different classes of trees, and are roughly classed 

 as Dammars by the Malays. Among these there are several from 

 the genera Canarium, Santiria and Triomma, (Burseracece). The 

 most interesting is the Kedondong Kijai from Triomma Malaccen- 

 sis, Griff. This resin seems to set with difficulty being more of 

 the consistency of turpentine. It is dark grey or black turning 

 yellowish grey or opaque white with a very pleasant aromatic 

 scent. Other resins obtained from plants of the same order are 

 Damar Kedondong Krut (Santiria sp.) and Kedondong Mata hari 

 from Trigonochlamys Griffithii Hook. fil. Sayang from Santiria 

 laxa, King. Damar Kijai a resin valued by the Malays, is said 

 to be produced by Canarium secundum Benn. 



Other resins sometimes classed as Dammars by the Malays 

 are those exuded from wounds in various species of Calophyllum; 

 Bintangor bunga and Bintangor batu, (C. pidcherrimum) which 



