32 THE FORMATION OF WORDS. 
sab tabor, to scatter, ok temabor, to scatter everywhere ; 
IF churam, steep, (9% chemuram, declivity ; 
aS, lukut and aS,h lemukut, to pound parched grain ; 
iz cherlang and w= chemerlang, to glitter, listen ; 
0 ae guroh and 0 i gemuroh, thunder, rolling noise ; 
2 35 tandang and a dt tenandang, outfit, get-up ; 
sk tali and ; ANG temali, twisted cordage ; 
and perhaps the following : 
392 tebok and Sat tembok, perforated ; 
a5 tebat, and ac  tambat, tied up; 
ae tanggong, to bear ee temenggong, dignitary. 
responsibility, 
In many cases the similar sense of the two words will in- 
vite an association between them, but this does not provide us 
with a grammatical explanation of the second form. 
We have here forms of a conjugation, which in Batak 
Grammar has been designated as the Fourth, in Tagalog as the 
First Conjugation. It is formed by infixing into the verbal 
stem, after the initial consonant the syllable -um- (or, which 
does not concern us here, if the root commences with a vowel 
or labial letter, by prefixing the syllable um-). In the first 
case, -um- is called an infix, in the latter a prefix. Here area 
few of the many examples which might be adduced : 
Malay : Batak : Tagalog: 
Sygu surat, sulat, sumulat, to write 
Jour. Straits Branch 
