* THE FORMATION OF WORDS. ion 
found in al] Malayan languages, as the following examples will 
show. By selecting Tagalog, Batak, and Malagasy verbs, 
which are also found in Malay, it becomes unnecessary to se- 
lect a separate list of Malay examples. 
| Tagalog: 
mang-aral (aral) to teach, preach, Malay mengajar; 
man-ubus (tubus) to redeem, Malay menebus ; 
mam-utt (putc) to whiten, Malay memutih ; 
man-ulat (sulat) to write, Malay menyurat. 
Batak : 
mang-handang (handang). to fence, Malay mengandang (kan- 
_ dang); 
mang-embang (hembang), to spread out, Malay mengembang 
(kembang); . 
man-urat (surat), to write, Malay menyurat (surat); 
mam-unu (bunu), to kill, Malay membunoh (bunoh); 
man-obus (tobus), to redeem, Malay menebus (tebus). 
Malagasy : 
man-enona (tenona), to weave, Malay menenun (tenun); 
man-ampana (sampana), to separate, Malay menyempang (sem- 
pang); 
man-dalo (lalo), to pass by, malay melalu (lalu); 
man-doa (loa), to spit, malay meludah (ludah); 
mam-eno (feno), to fill, malay memenoh (penoh); 
mam-otsy (fotsy), to whiten, malay memutih (putih); 
mam-ono (vono), to kill, malay membunoh (bunoh); 
man-trakira (kirakira), to finger, to count, Malay mengira-ira, 
(hira-kira). 
The writer of these fragmentary notes on Malay Gram- 
mar trusts that his readers will excuse the many imperfections 
of this article. Though the subject treated in these pages has 
occupied the interest of the writer for a -onsiderable time, the 
actual writing was done under great inconveniences, in the 
spare moments of a very busy period, and without the advan- 
tage of a large library close at hand. He should, however, feel 
‘well repaid for having undertaken the task, if by his attempt 
others would-be encouraged in taking up this inviting subject. 
R, A. Soc., No. 39, 1903. 
