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4 MINING DISTRICTS OF LOWER PERAK. 



tin, and near Ipoh the natives find it profitable to wash the 

 sand in the bed of the river. According to reports, a man, if 

 he can stand to work in the water for several hours, can collect 

 in a day as much as fifteen katties of ore, worth two dollars. 

 •'^ungei Trap This district is situated on the right bank of the river Kinta 



Wistrict. . , 



and is well populated by miners, both Chinamen and Malays. 

 fingei Pa- The Papan valley lies between several high hills and is 

 divided into numerous small "gullies," where rich pockets of 

 tin are found. 



The valley is about one mile in width by one and-a-half in 

 length, but, up to now, the outskirts only have been turned to 

 account, owing to the great flow of water which often floods 

 the lower part of the valley. 



Thirteen mines are at present in full swing, and occupy 

 five hundred men, Chinese and Malays. 



Klian Johan, worked by Chinamen, is the most important of 

 all and is probably the deepest mine in the whole State, attain- 

 ing a depth of fifty feet. 



The ore is disseminated, from the surface downwards, through- 

 out the ground, which is geologically formed of white friable 

 clay. The wash is clean and becomes richer in depth. The 

 pumping of the water is managed by the means of a Chinese 

 water-wheel, and the washing of the ore takes place in a long 

 canal acting as a sluice-box. 



On each side of that mine, Malays are also carrying on 

 works to the same depth, but unable themselves to put up a 

 proper draining apparatus, they have made with their more 

 industrious neighbours a contract by which they are allowed 

 to let their water flow into the Chinese mine on condition of 

 paying one-tenth of their whole produce. 



The ore is smelted in the village, and, being of a very good 

 quality, no blast is required, and the consumption of fuel 

 amounts to only one pikul of charcoal to one pikul of ore. 



Eleven furnaces are at work and return, on an average, forty 

 pikuls in twenty-four hours. 



The richest deposit lies, no doubt, in the centre of the valley, 



