THE ENDAU A^O ITS TKEBITTABIES. 101 



the Madek, while the remainder, with their Raja, occupy the Mas, 

 a tributary of the Upper Endau. The foregoing may be described 

 as the orang hiilu jlnak, or the tame tribes of the interior. 

 There are, however, within the limits of the Johor territory, I be- 

 lieve, a few representatives also of the orang liar, or wild men, 

 as the tamer tribes, conscious of their own superior civilization, 

 are proud to call them : these reside near the source of the Endau, 

 among the Segainat hills, and, being out of the ordinary course of 

 the Malay trader, have not altogether lost their hold of their own 

 language. 



The Batin Tuha of the Lenggiu and Say on g Jahuns, a man of 

 great age, had no recollection of a dialect peculiar to his own race, 

 the only non-Malay words in use among them being that for dog, 

 viz., "kdyok," which recalls "kayape" given by Raffles in his 

 short list for the same animal. ( l ) 



Maclay, six or seven years ago. passing through the same country, 

 seems to have experienced the same difficulty that I have in discov- 

 ering traces of the aboriginal dialect ; and forty years ago Logan 

 noticed the fact that Malay had superseded it, while the list of 

 Jokang (Jakun?) words given by Raffles in 1809 ( l ) shews that 

 the process of decay was already far advanced amongst the tribes 

 in the immediate vicinity of Malacca. 



Malay camphor has been highly prized by the Chinese from an 

 early period, and the Malays must, at the outset, have had recourse 

 to the aborigines to help them in their search for this precious 

 article of commerce. 



Reasons are not wanting which point to the conclusion that in 

 the pantang Icapur we find relics of the Jakun dialects. I use the 

 plural advisedly, for those of the Pontian and Madek are different 

 from the rest. 



The reasons may be stated as follows. The Malays are not the 

 originators of the pan tang Tcdpur, but learn it from the Jalcuns, 

 who may prima facie be assumed to be unequal to the coinage 

 of a special language to suit their object in this case, while it is 

 not at all unlikely that those of them who had dealings with the 

 Malays should become aware of the advantages of their position, 



( x )iS T o. 1 Journal, Straits Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 

 December, 1879, p. 6. 



