KOTA GLANGGI, 155 
let in a flood of light, lay a figure, about one hundred feet long, of 
what I took to represent Bhudda. The head reclined upon the right 
arm, whilst the left arm lay by the side of the figure, the face was 
tolerably well painted, and the robe was coloured green and its 
edges gilt. In front of this image and at its head and feet were 
collossal statues of other idols, some erected on pedestals, and 
from fifteen to twenty feet high; there were in all eighteen of 
these statues. The place was kept tolerably clean, being evidently 
swept occasionally ; how long this cave had been used as a place 
of worship, I could not learn. This cavern-temple was tended by a 
company of Siamese Imams, who dwelt at the foot of the cliff 
and had besides a small temple outside. 
Since then I have seen and traversed many other wonderful 
caves amongst the limestone mountains on the Patani River, some 
of them with rivers running right through them, but I never saw 
any that could compete in natural grandeur and imposing effect 
with those at Kota Glanggi. 
The situation of the limestone range in which the latter exist, 
will be best indicated on the Asiatic Society’s map of the Malay 
Peninsula by the word “ Gold” marked below Kg. Pénghulu Gen- 
dong Jélei. About this point a small river called the Tckam 
falls into the Pahang, and about three-miles up the course of. this 
river, the caves are reached. There are a good many of them, but 
only the four principal ones—Kéta Tongkat, Kota Birong, Kota 
Glanggi and Kota Pipan—are deserving of notice. Kota Tongkat 
and Kota Papan are the nearest, and are close together; Kota 
Birong is the furthest off, and Kota Glanggi lies between. 
Kota Tongkat, as it is seen and entered, is like the gigantic entrance 
to ‘some vast citadel ; it is open on two sides, it pierces the ridge of 
lhmestone under which it lies from one side to the other, and the 
road leads right through it. This extensive natural porch is sup- 
ported, or appears to be supported, by huge columns of stalactites 
and stalagmites, which have thickened through the dripping of 
endless ages, until they have become like the pillars of some great 
temple. This, so far as I saw at the time, is the only entrance to 
a valley which lies basin-like at the foot of a range of hills. Asa 
natural fort, this place would be impregnable; a handful of men, to 
