THE DUTCH IN PERAK. 947 
were, as DAMPIER quaintly puts it, “never slack to promote their 
Interest.’ In pursuance of this treaty, the Dutch formed some 
establishment in Perak in 1650, as HamtrrTon says, and their people 
were murdered by the Malays a year later. No particulars of the 
affair are given by VALENTYN, but it is clear, from his brief state- 
ment, that the Government at Batavia was not strong enough to 
take in hand retaliatory measures at once. This is how he first 
alludes to the matter :— 
“There are several detached factories under Malakka some of which are 
on-the same coast, and others on the E. coast of Sumatra, the Superintendents 
of which are appointed by the Governor and Council. 
These are Peirah, Keidah, Oedjong Salang and Andragiri. 
The first named, Peirah, is situated on the Malay Coast and is subject to the 
Queen of Acheh. The Kstablishment which is under the control of an Onder- 
koopman, is maintained by the H. Maatschappy solely for the trade in tin, 
which is obtained for ready money or piece-goods at the rate of 50 Rix-dollars 
the Bahar, but the people are very foul and murderous, and they made no 
ssruple in 1651, of killmgallour people. In subsequent years their Excellencies 
frequently had occasion to order the Governor and Council to leave the place 
alone, until a good time arrived for avenging this detestable act; which was 
atterwards taken in hand witha result of which we shall speak more fully 
presently.” 
Representations were no doubt made to Achin, the suzerain 
power, with the view of bringing pressure to bear upon Perak, but 
the next authentic piece of evidence is the following treaty dated 
Gth December, 1655, Joan Maarsuyker being then Governor- 
General:— 
“Treaty of peace between the Company and Sultana AMINA TODINE, Raja 
Muda ForcaA andthe Chiefs of Perak tributary to the Crown of Achin. There 
shall be from this day perpetual peace between the State of Perak and the 
Dutch Hast India Company. The Chiefs of Perak will pay to the Company 
a sum of 50,000 reals, partly in Tin (100 bahrs) within a few days and the 
remainder at the option of the Sultana and the Governor-General whose order 
on this head will be implicitly obeyed. The Treaty of 15th August, 1650, 
vill be considered as in full force. The Sultana and the Chiefs of Perak 
will poimt out a convenient spot tothe Dutch for building a plank house in 
which not heavier fire-arms than muskets will be introduced by them. 
_ Criminals of either nation will be punished by their own Tribunals. 
All those who are implicated in the murder of the Dutch at Perak, in 1651, 
will suffer punishment of death, the Shahbandar not excepted. The Dutch 
will pay such duties on the Importation of tin and for weighing dues etc. 
as are expressed in the original Treaty.” 
From the terms of the foregoing Treaty, it would seem that events 
had occurred between 1651 and 1655 which had induced the Perak 
