BUTTERFLIES OF MOUNT FENRISSEN. 31 



The males of this species are abundant throughout the whole 

 of Borneo, whilst the females are extremely rare, on the 

 other hand the females of E. rhadamanthus (Fab.), the con- 

 tinental topomorph of this species, are plentiful enough 

 both in the Malay Peninsula and in Singapore, the reason 

 of the relative differences in the number of the sexes in 

 two such closely allied species is a problem not easy of 

 solution, as, perhaps bearing indirectly on this problem it 

 should be noted that Qlowei and 9 rhadamanthus differ 

 markedly from each other than do the $ $ . 



(8) Euplcea {Tronga) crameri (Lucas). 



Sub. fain. Satyrince. 



(9) Myealesis (Satoa) maianeas (Hew.) 



The only species of this large genus that was seen. 

 Sub. fam. Elymniinoe. 



(10) Elt/nmias lais (Cram.) 



The male mimics the Danaicl. D. larissa (Feld.) the female 

 mimics Euplooa mulciber (Cr.) 



(11) Elymnias? sp. nov. 



This species, whose nearest ally is E. lutesccns (Butl.), is 

 apparently new to science and will shortly be described in 

 a forthcoming memoir on some mimetic insects from 

 Borneo : it is a mimic of Euplcea crameri (Luc.) The 

 Oriental mimetic Elymniines mimic their DanaiincB models 

 on the upper side only, the underside is "protectively" 

 coloured and mottled, so that when at rest they are not 

 easily seen ; they furnish in fact an example of a double 

 means of protection. (1) by mimicking distasteful butter- 

 flies (2) by simulating dead leaves. The first means of 

 protection comes into play only when the insect is fly- 

 ing. The second only when the insect is at rest. Those 

 species which mimic the distasteful Pieridce do so on both 

 the upper and under surfaces of the wings and thus have 

 only the one means of protection. 



