GARU AND CHANDAN. 81 



light coloured thin bark and white sapwood, the centre being' of 

 a greyish black, and resembling that of the Aquilaria hirta. The 

 twigs are slender, the leaves opposite ovate to ovate lanceolate 

 acute with short petioles, the racemes of small yellow flowers, ter- 

 minal gradually increasing as the flowers open and fall, at length 

 over an inch long and very slender. The flowers \ inch long, 

 tubular. Fruit a small red drupe. It occurs in Perak on Gunong 

 Hijau, also on the sea-coast at Kamposa, in Kelantan, and on 

 Kedak Peak, and in Java. It is typically a mountain plant growing 

 at an altitude of about 4,000 to 5,000 feet. There are two other 

 species in the Malay Peninsula, viz. W. Indica Mey, and W. 

 viridiflora Meisn., both small. ]V. ovctta C. A. Mey, of the 

 Philippines, is said by Blanco to produce an aromatic resinous 

 wood. 



Mr. Barnes says " The scented wood occurs very irregular- 

 ly. The largest trees on the hill were saplings only of about 4 

 inches diameter and frequently without a trace of dark wood 

 near the ground, though it might occur through a couple of 

 feet or so higher up, also vice versa. The dark wood was always 

 in long pieces but not always concentric with the tree. Many 

 saplings contained none at all. It may interest you to know 

 that the only proper way to treat chandan when you get it is to 

 cut away the white wood and wrap up the valuable dark wood 

 in Lobak leaves ; (probably those of Susum antkelminticum) ; no 

 others should be used. Chandan is of three kinds and grows to 

 one foot through at very most. 



(1) Daun halus dan putih (Wikstrcemia Candolleanu); 



(2) Batang hitam daun seperti daun tanjong ; 



(3) Daun kasar seperti gaharu. 



Garu, he states, is of only one kind, and grows up to 2 

 feet in diameter. Bland also states that the Chandan tree differs 

 from other garu trees in having a maximum diameter of 1-J- feet 

 and very soft sapwood. He states that of the varieties he men- 

 tions in his list, Chandan and Tanclok are the most valuable. 

 " Chandan is oily, black, glistening. It sinks in water." A speci- 

 men of " Chandan " from Pahang sent by Mr. Machado closely 

 resembles garu. It is dark, hard, deep brown, exuding' slowly 

 drops of deep brown oily resin. Malays who have seen it call it 

 Garu. 



