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PROFESSOR D. J. CUNNINGHAM ON 



blended with the supraorbital element. As has been already noted, a distinct groove 

 is present in one of the British Museum specimens in this situation (Museum No. 2a). 



On each side and at precisely the same place the supratrochlear nerve grooves the under 

 aspect of the inner part of the torus supraorbitalis of the New South Wales cranium 

 (PI. II., figs. 20 and 21). In the Neanderthal cranium these nerves have been conducted 

 to the forehead through two short canals which occupy precisely similar positions 

 (fig. 6). It is interesting to note that, while the supratrochlear notches (when they 

 exist) in the human skull show a great constancy in point of position, the supraorbital 

 notches vary considerably in this respect. 



In all questions relating to the district of the frontal bone under consideration the area 

 immediately above the glabella and the eyebrow eminences is of high morphological import- 



Fic. 6. — Orbital and nasal aspect of the Neanderthal cranium, from Schwai.be ("Der Neanderthal 



Schadel," p. 38, fig. 10, 1). 

 e. Supraorbital notch. 



a. Supratrochlear foramen. 



c. Groove on roof of orbit for supratrochlear nerve. 



d. Groove on l oof of orbit for supraorbital nerve. 



b. Groove on roof of orbit for frontal nerve. 

 /. Supratrochlear foramen. 



g. Groove for supratrochlear nerve. 

 h. Groove for supraorbital nerve (?). 

 1. Lachrymal fossa. 



ance. In this area Schwalbe recognises three parts, viz. a median portion which he terms 

 the facies supraglabellaris, and two lateral depressed portions which he calls the sulci supra - 

 ciliares. The width and extent of the sulci supraciliares in the Neanderthal cranium 

 constitute two of the most pithecoid characters in the Neanderthal and Spy crania. The 

 massive eyebrow projection is separated from the curved frontal plate which covers the 

 frontal extremity of the cerebrum by a wide depression which in some degree resembles 

 the extensive depressed area which occupies a similar position in the adult chimpanzee 

 and gorilla. This condition is associated with a low and flattened forehead, and bespeaks 

 a feeble development of the frontal lobes of the cerebral hemispheres. As these lobes 

 assume the massive rounded form distinctive of recent man, the cerebral part of the 

 frontal bone assumes a higher degree of curvature for their proper accommodation, and 

 its lower part advances towards the eyebrow region, and thus tends to diminish the 



